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. 2023 Jan 9;23(2):728.
doi: 10.3390/s23020728.

A Simple Way to Reduce 3D Model Deformation in Smartphone Photogrammetry

Aleksandra Jasińska  1 , Krystian Pyka  1 , Elżbieta Pastucha  2 , Henrik Skov Midtiby  2
Affiliations

A Simple Way to Reduce 3D Model Deformation in Smartphone Photogrammetry

Aleksandra Jasińska et al. Sensors (Basel). .

Abstract

Recently, the term smartphone photogrammetry gained popularity. This suggests that photogrammetry may become a simple measurement tool by virtually every smartphone user. The research was undertaken to clarify whether it is appropriate to use the Structure from Motion-Multi Stereo View (SfM-MVS) procedure with self-calibration as it is done in Uncrewed Aerial Vehicle photogrammetry. First, the geometric stability of smartphone cameras was tested. Fourteen smartphones were calibrated on the checkerboard test field. The process was repeated multiple times. These observations were found: (1) most smartphone cameras have lower stability of the internal orientation parameters than a Digital Single-Lens Reflex (DSLR) camera, and (2) the principal distance and position of the principal point are constantly changing. Then, based on images from two selected smartphones, 3D models of a small sculpture were developed. The SfM-MVS method was used, with self-calibration and pre-calibration variants. By comparing the resultant models with the reference DSLR-created model it was shown that introducing calibration obtained in the test field instead of self-calibration improves the geometry of 3D models. In particular, deformations of local concavities and convexities decreased. In conclusion, there is real potential in smartphone photogrammetry, but it also has its limits.

Keywords: 3D reconstruction; camera calibration; photogrammetry; smartphone; structure from motion.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
A number of publications including smartphone photogrammetry through the years. Only cited publications were used for this graph.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Sculpture used in the research. Ground control points are visible on the table underneath.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Stability of IO of all tested Models. The deviation was calculated as distance from the mean value.
Figure 4
Figure 4
The density plot of the distances between 3D models. SPC’s in relation to the reference model.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Deviations between the reference model and the model from Samsung Galaxy S10 images: (a) with self-calibration, (b) with pre-calibration.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Deviations between the reference model and the model from Xiaomi Redmi Note 11S images: (a) with self-calibration, (b) with pre-calibration.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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