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. 2023 Jan 16;23(2):1011.
doi: 10.3390/s23021011.

Dosimetric Study of Heat-Treated Calcium-Aluminum-Silicon Borate Dosimeter for Diagnostic Radiology Applications

Ibrahim Algain  1   2 , Mehenna Arib  3 , Said A Farha Al-Said  1 , Hossam Donya  1   4
Affiliations

Dosimetric Study of Heat-Treated Calcium-Aluminum-Silicon Borate Dosimeter for Diagnostic Radiology Applications

Ibrahim Algain et al. Sensors (Basel). .

Abstract

The production of thermoluminescence (TL) dosimeters fabricated from B2O3-CaF2-Al2O3-SiO2 doped with Cu and Pr for use in diagnostic radiology is the main goal of this research. The TL samples were synthesized via the melt-quench technique processed by melting the mixture at 1200 °C for 1 h, and, after cooling, the sample thus created was divided into two samples and retreated by heating for 2 h (referred to as TLV30) and for 15 h (referred to as TLV17). SEM and EDS analyses were performed on the TL samples to confirm the preparation process and to investigate the effects of irradiation dosimetry on the TL samples. Furthermore, the TL samples were irradiated with γ-rays using a 450 Ci 137Cs irradiator and variable X-ray beams (5-70 mGy). Two important diagnostic radiology applications were considered: CT (6-24 mGy) and mammography (2.72-10.8 mGy). Important dosimetric properties, such as the glow curves, reproducibility, dose-response linearity, energy dependence, minimum dose detectability and fading, were investigated for the synthetized samples (TLV17 and TLV30), the results of which were compared with the Harshaw TLD-100. The TLV17 dosimeter showed higher sensitivity than TLV30 in all applied irradiation procedures. The dose-response linearity coefficients of determination R2 for TLV17 were higher than TLD-100 and TLV30 in some applications and were almost equal in others. The reproducibility results of TLV17, TLV30 and TLD-100 were less than 5%, which is acceptable. On the other hand, the results of the fading investigations showed that, in general, TLV17 showed less fading than TLV30. Both samples showed a significant decrease in this regard after the first day, and then the signal variation became essentially stable though with a slight decrease until the eighth day. Therefore, it is recommended to read the TL dosimeters after 24 h, as with TLD-100. The SEM images confirmed the existence of crystallization, whilst the EDS spectra confirmed the presence of the elements used for preparation. Furthermore, we noticed that TLV17 had grown dense crystals that were larger in size compared to those of TLV30, which explains the higher sensitivity in TLV17. Overall, despite the fading, TLV17 showed greater radiation sensitivity and dose-response linearity compared with TLD-100. The synthetized TL samples showed their suitability for use as dosimeters in diagnostic radiology radiation dosimetry.

Keywords: glass-ceramic dosimeters; low dose; radiology dosimetry; thermoluminescence radiation dosimeter.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The synthesized TL samples TLV17, TLV30 and Thermofisher TLD-100.
Figure 2
Figure 2
KFSH&RC-SSDL 450 Ci 137Cs and X-ray sources.
Figure 3
Figure 3
(a) TLD irradiation from mammography and (b) CT image of TLV17 and TLV30 inside CTDI phantom.
Figure 4
Figure 4
(a,b) SEM images and (c,d) elemental analysis EDS composition spectra for TLV17 and TLV30 samples.
Figure 5
Figure 5
(a–c) The glow curves for the TLD samples at a dose of 50 mGy at 120 kVp. (d,e) The glow curves from a 2 mGy dose from a mammography machine at 28 kVp.
Figure 6
Figure 6
(a–c) The glow curves for the TLD samples without a radition dose.
Figure 7
Figure 7
The dose–response linearity for TLV17, TLV30 and TLD-100 from SSDL 450 Ci of 137Cs.
Figure 8
Figure 8
The dose–response linearity for TLV17, TLV30 and TLD-100 from SSDL daignostic X-ray beams. (a) KV = 40, (b) KV = 80, (c) KV = 100, (d) KV = 120, (e) KV = 150.
Figure 8
Figure 8
The dose–response linearity for TLV17, TLV30 and TLD-100 from SSDL daignostic X-ray beams. (a) KV = 40, (b) KV = 80, (c) KV = 100, (d) KV = 120, (e) KV = 150.
Figure 8
Figure 8
The dose–response linearity for TLV17, TLV30 and TLD-100 from SSDL daignostic X-ray beams. (a) KV = 40, (b) KV = 80, (c) KV = 100, (d) KV = 120, (e) KV = 150.
Figure 9
Figure 9
TLV17, TLV30 and TLD-100 radition dose–response linearity results from mammography.
Figure 10
Figure 10
TLV17, TLV30 and TLD-100 CT radition dose–response linearity results.
Figure 11
Figure 11
Energy dependence of TLV17, TLV30 and TLD-100.
Figure 12
Figure 12
Fading (continues curves) and fading correction factor (dashed curves) of TLV17, TLV30 and TLD-100.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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