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. 2023 Mar 15;63(3):111-115.
doi: 10.2176/jns-nmc.2022-0179. Epub 2023 Jan 20.

Usefulness of Serum Soluble Interleukin-2 Receptor Levels for Differentiating between PCNSL and SCNSL

Yuta Mitobe  1 , Ken-Ichiro Matsuda  1 , Yukihiko Sonoda  1
Affiliations

Usefulness of Serum Soluble Interleukin-2 Receptor Levels for Differentiating between PCNSL and SCNSL

Yuta Mitobe et al. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo). .

Abstract

Serum soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R) is a practical tumor marker that is elevated in hematogenous tumors. The purpose of this study was to determine the usefulness of serum sIL-2R for differentiating among malignant brain tumors, including primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) and secondary central nervous system lymphoma (SCNSL). This study retrospectively investigated the sIL-2R levels in 130 patients with various types of malignant brain tumors, including PCNSL patients (n = 48) and SCNSL (n = 8); metastatic brain tumors (MTs, n = 16); and glioblastoma (GBM, n = 58). The median sIL-2R level (U/mL) of the PCNSL, SCNSL, MTs, and GBM groups were 489.7, 1024.8, 413.3, and 332.7 respectively. The sIL-2R level was significantly higher in the SCNSL group than in the PCNSL or other groups. The area under the ROC curve generated from the sIL-2R level was 0.826 (sensitivity: 0.875, specificity: 0.667, cutoff value: 521 U/mL) for differentiating SCNSL from PCNSL and 0.685 (sensitivity: 0.667, specificity: 0.707, cutoff value: 342 U/mL) for differentiating PCNSL from GBM. Measurement of sIL-2R level was convenient and useful to differentiate between SCNSL and PCSNL, both of which demand different treatment strategies.

Keywords: differential diagnosis; primary central nervous system lymphoma; secondary central nervous system lymphoma; soluble interleukin-2 receptor.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors have no conflicts of interest related with this study.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Contrast-enhanced T1-weighted MRI findings in patients with malignant brain tumor. The lesion shows ring enhancement in PCNSL (a) and as almost homogeneous contrast-enhanced lesions in SCNSL (b), MT (c), and GBM (d).
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Box and whisker plots of the serum sIL-2R levels (a) and minimum ADC values (b) of the PCNSL, SCNSL, MTs, and GBM groups are shown.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
The ROC curves generated from serum sIL-2R levels for differentiating SCNSL from PCNSL (a) and PCNSL from GBM are shown (b). The ROC curve generated from the minimum ADC values for differentiating PCNSL from GBM is shown (c).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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