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Review
. 2023 Jan 21;29(3):508-520.
doi: 10.3748/wjg.v29.i3.508.

Artificial intelligence and inflammatory bowel disease: Where are we going?

Leonardo Da Rio  1   2 , Marco Spadaccini  2   3 , Tommaso Lorenzo Parigi  2   4 , Roberto Gabbiadini  4 , Arianna Dal Buono  4 , Anita Busacca  4 , Roberta Maselli  1   2 , Alessandro Fugazza  1 , Matteo Colombo  1 , Silvia Carrara  1 , Gianluca Franchellucci  1   2 , Ludovico Alfarone  1   2 , Antonio Facciorusso  5 , Cesare Hassan  1   2 , Alessandro Repici  1   2 , Alessandro Armuzzi  4
Affiliations
Review

Artificial intelligence and inflammatory bowel disease: Where are we going?

Leonardo Da Rio et al. World J Gastroenterol. .

Abstract

Inflammatory bowel diseases, namely ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, are chronic and relapsing conditions that pose a growing burden on healthcare systems worldwide. Because of their complex and partly unknown etiology and pathogenesis, the management of ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease can prove challenging not only from a clinical point of view but also for resource optimization. Artificial intelligence, an umbrella term that encompasses any cognitive function developed by machines for learning or problem solving, and its subsets machine learning and deep learning are becoming ever more essential tools with a plethora of applications in most medical specialties. In this regard gastroenterology is no exception, and due to the importance of endoscopy and imaging numerous clinical studies have been gradually highlighting the relevant role that artificial intelligence has in inflammatory bowel diseases as well. The aim of this review was to summarize the most recent evidence on the use of artificial intelligence in inflammatory bowel diseases in various contexts such as diagnosis, follow-up, treatment, prognosis, cancer surveillance, data collection, and analysis. Moreover, insights into the potential further developments in this field and their effects on future clinical practice were discussed.

Keywords: Artificial intelligence; Computer-aided diagnosis; Crohn’s disease; Inflammatory bowel disease; Machine learning; Ulcerative colitis.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict-of-interest statement: Alessandro Armuzzi has received: consultancy/advisory board fees from AbbVie; Allergan, Amgen, Arena, Biogen, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Celltrion, Eli Lilly, Ferring, Galapagos, Gilead, Janssen, MSD, Mylan, Pfizer, Protagonist-Therapeutics, Roche, Samsung Bioepis, Sandoz, and Takeda; lecture fees from AbbVie; Amgen, Biogen, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Celltrion, Eli Lilly, Ferring, Galapagos, Gilead, Janssen, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Samsung Bioepis, Sandoz, Takeda and Tigenix; research grants from MSD, Takeda, Pfizer and Biogen; Cesare Hassan has received fees for serving as a consultant for and equipment loan from Medtronic and Fujifilm; Alessandro Repici has received fees for serving as a consultant for and equipment loan from Medtronic and Fujifilm.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Application of artificial intelligence in inflammatory bowel diseases for precision medicine. AI: Artificial intelligence.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Clinical studies on the application of artificial intelligence in inflammatory bowel diseases in the last 25 years (as of November 6, 2022).
Figure 3
Figure 3
Fields of application of artificial intelligence in inflammatory bowel diseases. IBD: Inflammatory bowel disease.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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