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Review
. 2023 Jan 21;29(3):413-424.
doi: 10.3748/wjg.v29.i3.413.

Salvage locoregional therapies for recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma

Cody R Criss  1 , Mina S Makary  2
Affiliations
Review

Salvage locoregional therapies for recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma

Cody R Criss et al. World J Gastroenterol. .

Abstract

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second most common cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Despite the advent of screening efforts and algorithms to stratify patients into appropriate treatment strategies, recurrence rates remain high. In contrast to first-line treatment for HCC, which relies on several factors, including clinical staging, tumor burden, and liver function, there is no consensus or general treatment recommendations for recurrent HCC (R-HCC). Locoregional therapies include a spectrum of minimally invasive liver-directed treatments which can be used as either curative or neoadjuvant therapy for HCC. Herein, we provide a comprehensive review of recent evidence using salvage loco-regional therapies for R-HCC after failed curative-intent.

Keywords: Ablation; Locoregional therapy; Recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma; Salvage therapy; Transarterial chemoembolization; Transarterial embolization; Transarterial radioembolization.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare no conflict of interest associated with the contributions to this manuscript.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Schematic depiction of locoregional therapies. CT: Computed tomography.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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