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Case Reports
. 2023 Jan-Dec:11:23247096221150630.
doi: 10.1177/23247096221150630.

A Rare Hemorrhagic, Orange-Colored Ascites, Challenging Traditional Ascitic Fluid Analysis

Huma Quanungo  1   2 , Huda Quanungo  1   2 , Elena Naderzad  1   2 , Frederick Venter  1   2 , Elaine Deemer  1   2 , Greti Petersen  1   2 , Alan Ragland  1   2
Affiliations
Case Reports

A Rare Hemorrhagic, Orange-Colored Ascites, Challenging Traditional Ascitic Fluid Analysis

Huma Quanungo et al. J Investig Med High Impact Case Rep. 2023 Jan-Dec.

Abstract

Analysis of ascitic fluid can offer useful information in developing and supporting a differential diagnosis. As one of the most prevalent complications in patients with cirrhosis, ascitic fluid aids in differentiating a benign condition from malignancy. Both the gross appearance of the ascitic fluid, along with fluid analysis, play a major role in diagnosis. Here, we discuss a patient with liver cirrhosis, esophageal varices, hepatitis C, and alcohol abuse, who had a paracentesis performed, which revealed a turbid, viscous, orange-colored ascitic fluid that has not been documented in literature. Ascitic fluid is routinely analyzed based on gross appearance, cell count, and serum ascites albumin gradient (SAAG) score. An appearance of turbidity or cloudiness has commonly suggested an inflammatory process. In our case, fluid analysis revealed a red blood cell count of 24 250/mcL, further suggesting inflammation. However, it also revealed an insignificant number of inflammatory cells, with a total nucleated cell count of 14/mcL. This rich-orange color has posed a challenge in classification and diagnosis of the underlying cause of ascites, with one classification system suggesting inflammation, while another suggesting portal hypertension. Furthermore, we have traditionally relied on the SAAG score to aid in determining portal hypertension as an underlying cause of ascites. With a 96.7% accuracy rate, the SAAG score incorrectly diagnosed portal hypertension in this patient. In this article, we aim to explore how this rare, orange-colored ascitic fluid has challenged the traditional classification system of ascites.

Keywords: SAAG; abdominal paracentesis; ascites; orange; portal hypertension; serum ascites albumin gradient; spontaneous bacterial peritonitis.

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Conflict of interest statement

The author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.

Figures

Image 1.
Image 1.
Abdominal paracentesis revealing turbid, viscous orange-colored ascitic fluid.
Image 2 and 3.
Image 2 and 3.
Computed tomography revealing moderate amount of ascites with stigmata of cirrhosis and portal venous hypertension.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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