A Heterocatalytic Metal-Organic Framework to Stimulate Dispersal and Macrophage Combat with Infectious Biofilms
- PMID: 36692081
- PMCID: PMC9933606
- DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c09008
A Heterocatalytic Metal-Organic Framework to Stimulate Dispersal and Macrophage Combat with Infectious Biofilms
Abstract
Eradication of infectious biofilms is becoming increasingly difficult due to the growing number of antibiotic-resistant strains. This necessitates development of nonantibiotic-based, antimicrobial approaches. To this end, we designed a heterocatalytic metal-organic framework composed of zirconium 1,4-dicarboxybenzene (UiO-66) with immobilized Pt nanoparticles (Pt-NP/UiO-66). Pt-NP/UiO-66 enhanced singlet-oxygen generation compared with Pt nanoparticles or UiO-66, particularly in an acidic environment. Singlet-oxygen generation degraded phosphodiester bonds present in eDNA gluing biofilms together and therewith dispersed biofilms. Remaining biofilms possessed a more open structure. Concurrently, Pt-NP/UiO-66 stimulated macrophages to adapt a more M1-like, "fighting" phenotype, moving faster toward their target bacteria and showing increased bacterial killing. As a combined effect of biofilm dispersal and macrophage polarization, a subcutaneous Staphylococcus aureus biofilm in mice was more readily eradicated by Pt-NP/UiO-66 than by Pt nanoparticles or UiO-66. Therewith, heterocatalytic Pt-NP/UiO-66 metal-organic frameworks constitute a nonantibiotic-based strategy to weaken protective matrices and disperse infectious biofilms, while strengthening macrophages in bacterial killing.
Keywords: Metal organic framework; antibacterial; extracellular DNA; immunomodulation; wound healing.
Conflict of interest statement
The authors declare the following competing financial interest(s): H.J.B. is also the director of a consulting company, SASA BV (GN Schutterlaan 4, 9797 PC Thesinge, The Netherlands). The authors declare no potential conflicts of interest with respect to authorship and/or publication of this Article. Opinions and assertions contained herein are those of the authors and are not construed as necessarily representing views of their respective employers.
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