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Review
. 2023 Jan 24;28(1):45.
doi: 10.1186/s40001-023-00990-2.

Diagnosis, pathophysiology and preventive strategies for cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury: a narrative review

Ying Yu  1 , Chenning Li  1 , Shuainan Zhu  1 , Lin Jin  1 , Yan Hu  1 , Xiaomin Ling  1 , Changhong Miao  1 , Kefang Guo  2
Affiliations
Review

Diagnosis, pathophysiology and preventive strategies for cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury: a narrative review

Ying Yu et al. Eur J Med Res. .

Abstract

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common and serious complication of cardiac surgery and is associated with increased mortality and morbidity, accompanied by a substantial economic burden. The pathogenesis of cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury (CSA-AKI) is multifactorial and complex, with a variety of pathophysiological theories. In addition to the existing diagnostic criteria, the exploration and validation of biomarkers is the focus of research in the field of CSA-AKI diagnosis. Prevention remains the key to the management of CSA-AKI, and common strategies include maintenance of renal perfusion, individualized blood pressure targets, balanced fluid management, goal-directed oxygen delivery, and avoidance of nephrotoxins. This article reviews the pathogenesis, definition and diagnosis, and pharmacological and nonpharmacological prevention strategies of AKI in cardiac surgical patients.

Keywords: Acute kidney injury; Cardiac surgery; Diagnosis; Pathogenesis; Pathophysiology; Prevention.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

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