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. 2023 Mar;14(3):376-386.
doi: 10.1111/jdi.13975. Epub 2023 Jan 25.

Trends in incidence rates of childhood type 1 diabetes mellitus: A retrospective study in Isfahan province, Iran

Mahin Hashemipour  1 , Mohammadreza Maracy  2 , Shaghayegh Haghjooy Javanmard  3 , Farzane Zamaneh  4 , Neda Mostofizadeh  5 , Silva Hovsepian  6
Affiliations

Trends in incidence rates of childhood type 1 diabetes mellitus: A retrospective study in Isfahan province, Iran

Mahin Hashemipour et al. J Diabetes Investig. 2023 Mar.

Abstract

Aims/introduction: We aimed to determine the incidence trend of childhood type 1 diabetes mellitus in Isfahan province over a period of 12 years.

Materials and methods: In this retrospective study, children aged <20 years at the time of type 1 diabetes mellitus diagnosis, from March 2007 to March 2019, were included. The crude and adjusted incidence rate of type 1 diabetes mellitus is calculated as the number of cases per 100,000 person-years by the period. The cumulative, age- and sex-specific incidence rates were also calculated. Age-specific incidence rates were calculated for age and sex groups.

Results: A total of 1,954 (983 boys and 971 girls) cases of type 1 diabetes mellitus were identified. The mean age at diagnosis in all studied populations was 9.89 (standard deviation 4.76). There were no significant differences between the proportion of boys and girls in different years (P = 0.12) and different age groups (P = 0.19). The average annual percent change of incidence rate for the total population, for girls and boys, was 6.9%, 6.7% and 6.3% respectively. The type 1 diabetes mellitus incidence rate had a significant trend to be increased from 2007 to 2019 (P < 0.001, t = 3.6).

Conclusion: Our findings showed that currently our region is considered a region with a high incidence rate of type 1 diabetes mellitus. Although we have had fluctuations in the incidence rate over the 12 years, the overall trend is increasing.

Keywords: Incidence; Trend; Type 1 diabetes mellitus.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Trend of type 1 diabetes mellitus incidence rate in Isfahan province during 2007–2019 (1,386–1,397 Hijri Shamsi). *Annual percent change (APC) = 6.50, the P‐value for incidence rate trend <0.001.
Figure 2
Figure 2
The age standardized incidence per 100,000 for type 1 diabetes mellitus in the Isfahan population according to sex groups during 2007–2019 (1,386–1,397 Hijri Shamsi). *P‐value for trend for girls 0.002, P‐value for trend for boys 0.005; **P‐value for between groups trend comparison 0.44.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Age‐specific incidence per 100,000 for type 1 diabetes mellitus in Isfahan province according to age groups during 2007–2019 (1,386–1,397 Hijri Shamsi). *P‐value for trend for 0–4 years age group (0.09), for 5–9 years age group (0.009), for 10–14 years age group (0.001) and for 14–19 years age group (<0.001).
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