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. 2023 Jan 9:13:1079056.
doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1079056. eCollection 2022.

Comparison of in situ ruminal straw fiber degradation and bacterial community between buffalo and Holstein fed with high-roughage diet

Xuan Xuan Pu  1   2 , Xiu Min Zhang  2 , Qiu Shuang Li  2 , Rong Wang  2 , Min Zhang  3 , Shi Zhe Zhang  2 , Bo Lin  3 , Bie Tan  1 , Zhi Liang Tan  1   2 , Min Wang  2
Affiliations

Comparison of in situ ruminal straw fiber degradation and bacterial community between buffalo and Holstein fed with high-roughage diet

Xuan Xuan Pu et al. Front Microbiol. .

Abstract

Buffalo exhibits great efficiency in utilizing low-quality roughage, which can be due to the combined effect of host physiological feature and roughage diet fed. The present study was designed to compare the ruminal fiber degradation and the bacterial community attached to straws in buffalo and Holstein when fed with the same high-roughage diet using in situ ruminal incubation technique. Rice and wheat straws were selected as the incubation substrates and sampled at 0, 4, 12, 24, 48, 72, 120, and 216 h of incubation time to measure the kinetics of dry matter (DM) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) disappearance. Additional two bags were incubated and sampled at 4 and 48 h of incubation time to evaluate the bacterial community attached to straws. The results showed that buffalo exhibited a greater (p ≤ 0.05) fraction of rapidly soluble and washout nutrients and effective ruminal disappearance for both DM and NDF of straw than Holstein, together with a greater (p ≤ 0.05) disappearance rate of potentially degradable nutrient fraction for NDF. Principal coordinate analysis indicated that both host and incubation time altered the bacterial communities attached to straws. Buffalo exhibited greater (p ≤ 0.05) 16S rRNA gene copies of bacteria and greater (p ≤ 0.05) relative abundance of Ruminococcus attached to straw than Holstein. Prolonging incubation time increased (p ≤ 0.05) the 16S rRNA gene copies of bacteria, and the relative abundance of phyla Proteobacteria and Fibrobacters by comparing 4 vs. 48 h of incubation time. In summary, buffalo exhibits greater ruminal fiber degradation than Holstein through increasing bacterial population and enriching Ruminococcus, while prolonging incubation time facilitates fiber degradation through enriching phyla Proteobacteria and Fibrobacteres.

Keywords: bacterial community; buffalo; in situ; rumen ecosystem; straw fiber degradation.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Bacterial community in buffalo or Holstein rumen microbiome at phylum (A) and genus level (B). Numbers 4, 5, and 6 represent the ear tags of buffalo, while numbers 9, 11, and 13 represent the ear tags of Holstein.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Principal coordinate analysis of bacterial community attached to rice and wheat straws at 4 and 48 h of in situ incubation time in buffalo and Holstein rumen. PERMANOVA, permutational multivariate analysis of variance.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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