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Meta-Analysis
. 2023 Mar;33(3):897-910.
doi: 10.1007/s11695-023-06465-x. Epub 2023 Jan 26.

Long-Term Outcomes of Iron Deficiency Before and After Bariatric Surgery: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Affiliations
Meta-Analysis

Long-Term Outcomes of Iron Deficiency Before and After Bariatric Surgery: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Chuqi Xia et al. Obes Surg. 2023 Mar.

Abstract

Purpose: This study reviews the prevalence of iron deficiency (ID) in bariatric surgery candidates and the long-term outcomes of the prevalence of ID after bariatric surgery.

Materials and methods: A systematic literature search and meta-analysis were performed in PubMed for articles published by August 31, 2022, including these search terms: bariatric surgery, metabolic surgery, weight loss surgery, obesity surgery, sleeve gastrectomy, gastric banding, gastric bypass, duodenal switch, duodenojejunal bypass, iron, iron deficiency, sideropenia, and hypoferritinemia. Fifty-seven studies examining a total of 26,328 patients with morbidly obese were included in this meta-analysis finally.

Results: The results showed a prevalence of 17% of ID in bariatric surgery candidates and a prevalence of 14%, 17%, 26%, 34%, 23%, 38%, and 23% of ID at 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-, 5-, 8-, and 10-year follow-up after bariatric surgery, respectively. Additionally, the results showed a prevalence of 15%, 19%, 35%, 38%, 29%, 30%, and 23% of ID at 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-, 5-, 8-, and 10-year follow-up after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, respectively; a prevalence of 12%, 12%, 15%, 31%, and 17% of ID at 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-, and 5-year follow-up after sleeve gastrectomy, respectively; and a prevalence of 19% of ID at 1-year follow-up after anastomosis gastric bypass.

Conclusion: As a result, preoperative evaluation and correction of ID may lead to better outcomes for bariatric surgery candidates. ID is also common in patients after bariatric procedures, especially RYGB. Long-term, even lifelong, medical and nutritional monitoring and tailored interventions are critical.

Keywords: Bariatric surgery; Iron deficiency; Obesity; Systematic review.

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