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. 2023 Jan 10:13:1083001.
doi: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1083001. eCollection 2022.

The efficacy of ginseng-containing traditional Chinese medicine in patients with acute decompensated heart failure: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Xiaozhe Chen  1 , Yulong Ma  1 , Jianhua Li  1 , Lei Yao  1 , Mingtai Gui  1 , Bo Lu  1 , Xunjie Zhou  1 , Mingzhu Wang  1 , Deyu Fu  1
Affiliations

The efficacy of ginseng-containing traditional Chinese medicine in patients with acute decompensated heart failure: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Xiaozhe Chen et al. Front Pharmacol. .

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of ginseng-containing traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF). Methods: Seven databases were included from establishment until 10 July 2022. Pooled data were analyzed with random-effects model. The risk of bias was measured by the risk of bias tool for randomized trials (RoB 2). Modified Jadad scale score was used to assess the quality of including studies. The meta-analysis was performed with RevMan 5.3. Trial sequential analysis was assessed to avoid type I errors. We have registered our protocol in PROSPERO (CRD42021267742). Results: Twenty-eight articles were included. The results demonstrated that compared with conventional western therapy (WT), ginseng-containing TCM combined with WT further improved clinical efficacy (RR: 1.25, 95% CI: 1.20-1.29, p < 0.00001, I2 = 8%), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (MD: 5.80, 95% CI: 4.86-6.74, p < 0.00001, I2 = 89%), stroke volume (MD: 13.80, 95% CI: 12.66-14.95, p < 0.00001, I2 = 93%), 6-min walk test (MD: 53.03, 95% CI: 20.76-85.29, p = 0.001, I2 = 97%), decreased 6-month rehospitalization (RR: 0.44, 95% CI: 0.18-1.11, p = 0.08, I2 = 0%), brain natriuretic peptide (MD: 188.12, 95% CI: 248.13 to -128.11, p < 0.00001, I2 = 94%), N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (MD = -503.29; 95% CI: 753.18 to -253.40, p < 0.0001, I2 = 89%) and Minnesota living heart failure questionnaire scores (MD: 9.68, 95% CI: 13.67 to -5.70, p < 0.00001, I2 = 83%). The ROB2 assessment and modified Jaded scores showed most studies included were with some concerns. Conclusion: Compared with WT alone, ginseng-containing TCM is a possible way to benefit ADHF patients. However, limited by the quality of including trials, more high-quality studies are needed to provide reliable evidence.

Keywords: acute decompensated heart failure; adverse reactions and cases; ginseng-containing traditional Chinese medicine; heart function; left ventricular ejection fraction; quality of life.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
The PRISMA study flowchart of study search.
FIGURE 2
FIGURE 2
Risk of bias summary and diagram. (A) Risk of bias summary. (B) Risk of bias diagram.
FIGURE 3
FIGURE 3
Meta-analysis results of efficacy between the experimental and control groups.
FIGURE 4
FIGURE 4
Meta-analysis results of LVEF between the experimental and control groupsL VEF, left ventricular ejection fraction.
FIGURE 5
FIGURE 5
TSA of heart function efficacy standard TSA, trial sequential analysis.
FIGURE 6
FIGURE 6
TSA of LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; TSA, trial sequential analysis.
FIGURE 7
FIGURE 7
Ginseng’s cardiac protection mechanism.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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