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. 2023 Jan 2:20:e00283.
doi: 10.1016/j.parepi.2022.e00283. eCollection 2023 Feb.

Effect of a fifth round of seasonal malaria chemoprevention in children aged 5-14 years in Dangassa, an area of long transmission in Mali

Drissa Konate  1 , Sory I Diawara  1 , Nafomon Sogoba  1 , Jeff Shaffer  2 , Bourama Keita  1 , Abdourhamane Cisse  1 , Ibrahim Sanogo  3 , Ilo Dicko  3 , Merepen Dite Agnes Guindo  1 , Saidou Balam  1 , Abdouramane Traore  1 , Salimata Kante  1 , Assitan Dembele  1 , Fatoumata Kasse  1 , Larissa Denou  3 , Seidina A S Diakite  1 , Karim Traore  1 , Sidibe M'Baye Thiam  1 , Vincent Sanogo  4 , Mahamoudou Toure  1   3 , Ayouba Diarra  3 , George W Agak  5 , Seydou Doumbia  1   3 , Mahamadou Diakite  1   3
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Effect of a fifth round of seasonal malaria chemoprevention in children aged 5-14 years in Dangassa, an area of long transmission in Mali

Drissa Konate et al. Parasite Epidemiol Control. .

Abstract

Despite a significant reduction in the burden of malaria in children under five years-old, the efficient implementation of seasonal malaria chemoprevention (SMC) at large scale remains a major concern in areas with long malaria transmission. Low coverage rate in the unattainable areas during the rainy season, a shift in the risk of malaria to older children and the rebound in malaria incidence after stopping drug administration are mainly reported in these areas. These gaps represent a major challenge in the efficient implementation of SMC measures. An open randomized study was conducted to assess the effect of a fifth additional round to current regime of SMC in older children living in Dangassa, a rural malaria endemic area. Poisson regression Model was used to estimate the reduction in malaria incidence in the intervention group compared to the control group including age groups (5-9 and 10-14 years) and the use of long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs; Yes or No) with a threshold at 5%. Overall, a downward trend in participation rate was observed from August (94.3%) to November (87.2%). In November (round 4), the risk of malaria incidence was similar in both groups (IRR = 0.66, 95%CI [0.35-1.22]). In December (round 5), a decrease of 51% in malaria incidence was observed in intervention group compared to control group adjusted for age groups and the use of LLINs (IRR = 0.49, 95%CI [0.26-0.94]), of which 17% of reduction is attributable to the 5th round in the intervention group. An additional fifth round of SMC resulted in a significant reduction of malaria incidence in the intervention group. The number of SMC rounds could be adapted to the local condition of malaria transmission.

Keywords: Fifth round; Malaria incidence; Mali; Older children; SMC.

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Conflict of interest statement

We declare any competing interests here. All authors read and approved the version submitted.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Hemoglobin means in the comparison groups during SMC campaign in Dangassa.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Geometric mean asexual parasite density in the comparison groups during SMC campaign in Dangassa.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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