Observation of Correlations between Spin and Transverse Momenta in Back-to-Back Dihadron Production at CLAS12

H Avakian¹, T B Hayward², A Kotzinian^{3

4}, W R Armstrong⁵, H Atac⁶, C Ayerbe Gayoso⁷, L Baashen⁸, N A Baltzell¹, L Barion⁹, M Bashkanov¹⁰, M Battaglieri¹¹, I Bedlinskiy¹², B Benkel¹³, F Benmokhtar¹⁴, A Bianconi^{15

16}, L Biondo^{11

17

18}, A S Biselli¹⁹, M Bondi²⁰, S Boiarinov¹, F Bossù²¹, K T Brinkman²², W J Briscoe²³, W K Brooks¹³, S Bueltmann²⁴, D Bulumulla²⁴, V D Burkert¹, R Capobianco², D S Carman¹, J C Carvajal⁸, A Celentano¹¹, P Chatagnon²⁵, V Chesnokov²⁶, T Chetry^{8

27

28}, G Ciullo^{9

29}, P L Cole³⁰, M Contalbrigo⁹, G Costantini^{15

16}, A D'Angelo^{20

31}, N Dashyan³, R De Vita¹¹, M Defurne²¹, A Deur¹, S Diehl^{2

22}, C Dilks³², C Djalali²⁸, R Dupre²⁵, H Egiyan¹, A El Alaoui¹³, L El Fassi²⁷, L Elouadrhiri¹, S Fegan¹⁰, A Filippi⁴, T Forest³³, K Gates³⁴, G Gavalian¹, Y Ghandilyan³, D I Glazier³⁴, A A Golubenko²⁶, G Gosta^{15

16}, R W Gothe³⁵, Y Gotra¹, K A Griffioen⁷, M Guidal²⁵, H Hakobyan¹³, M Hattawy²⁴, F Hauenstein¹, D Heddle^{1

36}, A Hobart²⁵, M Holtrop³⁷, C E Hyde²⁴, Y Ilieva³⁵, D G Ireland³⁴, E L Isupov²⁶, H S Jo³⁸, R Johnston³⁹, K Joo², M L Kabir²⁷, D Keller⁴⁰, M Khachatryan²⁴, A Khanal⁸, A Kim², W Kim³⁸, V Klimenko², A Kripko²², V Kubarovsky¹, S E Kuhn²⁴, V Lagerquist²⁴, L Lanza²⁰, M Leali^{15

16}, S Lee³⁹, P Lenisa^{9

29}, X Li³⁹, I J D MacGregor³⁴, D Marchand²⁵, V Mascagna^{15

16}, B McKinnon³⁴, S Migliorati^{15

16}, T Mineeva¹³, M Mirazita⁴¹, V Mokeev¹, R A Montgomery³⁴, C Munoz Camacho²⁵, P Nadel-Turonski¹, P Naidoo³⁴, K Neupane³⁵, D Nguyen¹, S Niccolai²⁵, M Nicol¹⁰, G Niculescu⁴², M Osipenko¹¹, P Pandey²⁴, M Paolone^{6

43}, L L Pappalardo^{9

29}, R Paremuzyan^{1

37}, E Pasyuk¹, S J Paul⁴⁴, W Phelps^{23

36}, N Pilleux²⁵, O Pogorelko¹², M Pokhrel²⁴, J Poudel²⁴, J W Price⁴⁵, Y Prok²⁴, B A Raue⁸, T Reed⁸, J Richards², M Ripani¹¹, J Ritman^{46

47}, P Rossi^{1

41}, F Sabatié²¹, C Salgado⁴⁸, A Schmidt^{23

39}, Y G Sharabian¹, E V Shirokov²⁶, U Shrestha², P Simmerling², D Sokhan^{21

34}, N Sparveris⁶, S Stepanyan¹, I I Strakovsky²³, S Strauch³⁵, J A Tan³⁸, N Trotta², R Tyson³⁴, M Ungaro¹, S Vallarino⁹, L Venturelli^{15

16}, H Voskanyan³, A Vossen^{1

32}, E Voutier²⁵, D P Watts¹⁰, X Wei¹, R Wishart³⁴, M H Wood⁴⁹, N Zachariou¹⁰, Z W Zhao³², M Zurek⁵; CLAS Collaboration

Affiliations

¹ Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA.
² University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA.
³ Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia.
⁴ INFN, Sezione di Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy.
⁵ Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA.
⁶ Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA.
⁷ College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, USA.
⁸ Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA.
⁹ INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy.
¹⁰ University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom.
¹¹ INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy.
¹² National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute-ITEP, Moscow 117259, Russia.
¹³ Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile.
¹⁴ Duquesne University, 600 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15282, USA.
¹⁵ Università degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy.
¹⁶ INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
¹⁷ INFN, Sezione di Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy.
¹⁸ Università degli Studi di Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy.
¹⁹ Fairfield University, Fairfield, Connecticut 06824, USA.
²⁰ INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy.
²¹ IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
²² II. Physikalisches Institut der Universität Gießen, 35392 Gießen, Germany.
²³ The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA.
²⁴ Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA.
²⁵ Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France.
²⁶ Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia.
²⁷ Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762-5167, USA.
²⁸ Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA.
²⁹ Università di Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.
³⁰ Lamar University, 4400 MLK Boulevard, P.O. Box 10046, Beaumont, Texas 77710, USA.
³¹ Università di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy.
³² Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0305, USA.
³³ Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho 83209, USA.
³⁴ University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom.
³⁵ University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA.
³⁶ Christopher Newport University, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA.
³⁷ University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824-3568, USA.
³⁸ Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.
³⁹ Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA.
⁴⁰ University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA.
⁴¹ INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy.
⁴² James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia 22807, USA.
⁴³ New Mexico State University, P.O. Box 30001, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA.
⁴⁴ University of California Riverside, 900 University Avenue, Riverside, California 92521, USA.
⁴⁵ California State University, Dominguez Hills, Carson, California 90747, USA.
⁴⁶ GSI Helmholtzzentrum fur Schwerionenforschung GmbH, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany.
⁴⁷ Institute fur Kernphysik (Juelich), 52428 Juelich, Germany.
⁴⁸ Norfolk State University, Norfolk, Virginia 23504, USA.
⁴⁹ Canisius College, Buffalo, New York 14208, USA.

PMID: 36706384
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.130.022501

Free article

Observation of Correlations between Spin and Transverse Momenta in Back-to-Back Dihadron Production at CLAS12

H Avakian et al. Phys Rev Lett. 2023.

Free article

. 2023 Jan 13;130(2):022501.

doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.130.022501.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA.
² University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA.
³ Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia.
⁴ INFN, Sezione di Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy.
⁵ Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA.
⁶ Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA.
⁷ College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, USA.
⁸ Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA.
⁹ INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy.
¹⁰ University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom.
¹¹ INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy.
¹² National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute-ITEP, Moscow 117259, Russia.
¹³ Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile.
¹⁴ Duquesne University, 600 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15282, USA.
¹⁵ Università degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy.
¹⁶ INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
¹⁷ INFN, Sezione di Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy.
¹⁸ Università degli Studi di Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy.
¹⁹ Fairfield University, Fairfield, Connecticut 06824, USA.
²⁰ INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy.
²¹ IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
²² II. Physikalisches Institut der Universität Gießen, 35392 Gießen, Germany.
²³ The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA.
²⁴ Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA.
²⁵ Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France.
²⁶ Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia.
²⁷ Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762-5167, USA.
²⁸ Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA.
²⁹ Università di Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.
³⁰ Lamar University, 4400 MLK Boulevard, P.O. Box 10046, Beaumont, Texas 77710, USA.
³¹ Università di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy.
³² Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0305, USA.
³³ Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho 83209, USA.
³⁴ University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom.
³⁵ University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA.
³⁶ Christopher Newport University, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA.
³⁷ University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824-3568, USA.
³⁸ Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.
³⁹ Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA.
⁴⁰ University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA.
⁴¹ INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy.
⁴² James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia 22807, USA.
⁴³ New Mexico State University, P.O. Box 30001, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA.
⁴⁴ University of California Riverside, 900 University Avenue, Riverside, California 92521, USA.
⁴⁵ California State University, Dominguez Hills, Carson, California 90747, USA.
⁴⁶ GSI Helmholtzzentrum fur Schwerionenforschung GmbH, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany.
⁴⁷ Institute fur Kernphysik (Juelich), 52428 Juelich, Germany.
⁴⁸ Norfolk State University, Norfolk, Virginia 23504, USA.
⁴⁹ Canisius College, Buffalo, New York 14208, USA.

PMID: 36706384
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.130.022501

Abstract

We report the first measurements of deep inelastic scattering spin-dependent azimuthal asymmetries in back-to-back dihadron electroproduction in the deep inelastic scattering process. In this reaction, two hadrons are produced in opposite hemispheres along the z axis in the virtual photon-target nucleon center-of-mass frame, with the first hadron produced in the current-fragmentation region and the second in the target-fragmentation region. The data were taken with longitudinally polarized electron beams of 10.2 and 10.6 GeV incident on an unpolarized liquid-hydrogen target using the CLAS12 spectrometer at Jefferson Lab. Observed nonzero sinΔϕ modulations in ep→e^{'}pπ^{+}X events, where Δϕ is the difference of the azimuthal angles of the proton and pion in the virtual photon and target nucleon center-of-mass frame, indicate that correlations between the spin and transverse momenta of hadrons produced in the target- and current-fragmentation regions may be significant. The measured beam-spin asymmetries provide a first access in dihadron production to a previously unexplored leading-twist spin- and transverse-momentum-dependent fracture function. The fracture functions describe the hadronization of the target remnant after the hard scattering of a virtual photon off a quark in the target particle and provide a new avenue for studying nucleonic structure and hadronization.

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Observation of Correlations between Spin and Transverse Momenta in Back-to-Back Dihadron Production at CLAS12

Affiliations

Observation of Correlations between Spin and Transverse Momenta in Back-to-Back Dihadron Production at CLAS12

Authors

Affiliations

Abstract

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