Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2022 Sep 7;3(4):638-653.
doi: 10.1093/ehjdh/ztac049. eCollection 2022 Dec.

Automatic transmission of home blood pressure data can be effective in managing hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Toshiki Kaihara  1   2   3 , Valent Intan-Goey  4 , Martijn Scherrenberg  1   2   5 , Maarten Falter  1   2   6 , Kazuomi Kario  7 , Yoshihiro Akashi  3 , Paul Dendale  1   2
Affiliations
Review

Automatic transmission of home blood pressure data can be effective in managing hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Toshiki Kaihara et al. Eur Heart J Digit Health. .

Abstract

Aims: Home blood pressure telemonitoring (HBPT) is a useful way to manage BP. Recent advances in digital technology to automatically transmit BP data without the patient input may change the approach to long-term BP treatment and follow-up. The purpose of this review is to summarize the latest data on the HBPT with automatic data transmission.

Methods and results: Articles in English from 1980 to 2021 were searched by electronic databases. Randomized controlled trials comparing HBPT with automatic data transmission with usual BP management and including systolic BP (SBP) and/or diastolic BP (DBP) as outcomes in hypertension patients were included in the systematic review. A meta-analysis was conducted. After removing duplicates, 474 papers were included and 23 papers were identified. The HBPT with automatic data transmission had a significant beneficial impact on BP reduction (mean difference for office SBP -6.0 mm Hg; P < 0.001). Subgroup analyses showed that the studies using smartphone applications reduced BP significantly more in the intervention group than in the control group (standardized mean difference for office and home SBP -0.25; P = 0.01) as did the studies using HBPT other than the applications. Longer observation periods showed a sustained effect, and multidisciplinary cooperation was effective.

Conclusion: This review suggests that a care path based on HBPT with automatic data transmission can be more effective than classical management of hypertension. In particular, the studies using smartphone applications have shown beneficial effects. The results support the deployment of digital cardiology in the field of hypertension management.

Keywords: Automatic; Digital health; Hypertension; Prevention; Telemonitoring; e-Cardiology.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of interest: None declared.

Figures

Graphical Abstract
Graphical Abstract
Figure 1
Figure 1
PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) diagram of the study selection strategy.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Effect of home blood pressure telemonitoring with automatic data transmission on blood pressure reduction in office blood pressure. SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; SD, standard deviation; IV, inverse-variance; CI, confidence interval.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Effect of home blood pressure telemonitoring with automatic data transmission on blood pressure reduction in office blood pressure, divided by whether or not a smartphone application was used. app, application; SD, standard deviation; IV, inverse-variance; CI, confidence interval.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Effect of home blood pressure telemonitoring with automatic data transmission on blood pressure reduction in office and home blood pressure, divided by whether or not a smartphone application was used. app, application; SD, standard deviation; IV, inverse-variance; CI, confidence interval.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Williams B, Mancia G, Spiering W, Rosei EA, Azizi M, Burnier M, Clement DL, Coca A, de Simone G, Dominiczak A, Kahan T, Mahfoud F, Redon J, Ruilope L, Zanchetti A, Kerin M, Kjeldsen SE, Kreutz R, Laurent S, Lip GYH, McManus R, Narkiewicz K, Ruschitzka F, Schmieder RE, Shlyakhto E, Tsioufis C, Aboyans V, Desormais I; ESC Scientific Document Group . 2018 ESC/ESH Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension: the Task Force for the management of arterial hypertension of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and the European Society of Hypertension (ESH). Eur Heart J 2018;39:3021–3104. - PubMed
    1. Ohkubo T, Imai Y, Tsuji I, Nagai K, Kato J, Kikuchi N, Nishiyama A, Aihara A, Sekino M, Kikuya M, Ito S, Satoh H, Hisamichi S. Home blood pressure measurement has a stronger predictive power for mortality than does screening blood pressure measurement: a population-based observation in Ohasama, Japan. J Hypertens 1998;16:971–975. - PubMed
    1. Scherrenberg M, Wilhelm M, Hansen D, Völler H, Cornelissen V, Frederix I, Kemps H, Dendale P. The future is now: a call for action for cardiac telerehabilitation in the COVID-19 pandemic from the secondary prevention and rehabilitation section of the European Association of Preventive Cardiology. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2021;28:524–540. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Mengden T, Hernandez Medina RM, Beltran B, Alvarez E, Kraft K, Vetter H. Reliability of reporting self-measured blood pressure values by hypertensive patients. Am J Hypertens 1998;11:1413–1417. - PubMed
    1. Noda A, Obara T, Abe S, Yoshimachi S, Satoh M, Ishikuro M, Hara A, Metoki H, Mano N, Ohkubo T, Goto T, Imai Y. The present situation of home blood pressure measurement among outpatients in Japan. Clin Exp Hypertens 2020;42:67–74. - PubMed

LinkOut - more resources