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Review
. 2023 Jun;101(6):952-975.
doi: 10.1002/jnr.25171. Epub 2023 Jan 30.

SARS-COV-2 infection and Parkinson's disease: Possible links and perspectives

Hayder M Al-Kuraishy  1 , Ali I Al-Gareeb  1 , Ajeet Kaushik  2 , Małgorzata Kujawska  3 , Eman A Ahmed  4 , Gaber El-Saber Batiha  5
Affiliations
Review

SARS-COV-2 infection and Parkinson's disease: Possible links and perspectives

Hayder M Al-Kuraishy et al. J Neurosci Res. 2023 Jun.

Abstract

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. The hallmarks are the presence of Lewy bodies composed mainly of aggregated α-synuclein and immune activation and inflammation in the brain. The neurotropism of SARS-CoV-2 with induction of cytokine storm and neuroinflammation can contribute to the development of PD. Interestingly, overexpression of α-synuclein in PD patients may limit SARS-CoV-2 neuroinvasion and degeneration of dopaminergic neurons; however, on the other hand, this virus can speed up the α-synuclein aggregation. The review aims to discuss the potential link between COVID-19 and the risk of PD, highlighting the need for further studies to authenticate the potential association. We have also overviewed the influence of SARS-CoV-2 infection on the PD course and management. In this context, we presented the prospects for controlling the COVID-19 pandemic and related PD cases that, beyond global vaccination and novel anti-SARS-CoV-2 agents, may include the development of graphene-based nanoscale platforms offering antiviral and anti-amyloid strategies against PD.

Keywords: COVID-19; Parkinson's disease; SARS-CoV-2; graphene-based nanomaterials; neuroinflammation; α-synuclein.

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References

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