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Review
. 2023 Jan 24:16:49-64.
doi: 10.2147/OTT.S393296. eCollection 2023.

Adjuvant Therapy for High-Risk Localized Renal Cell Carcinoma: Current Landscape and Future Direction

Dylan M Buller #  1 , Maria Antony #  2 , Benjamin T Ristau  1
Affiliations
Review

Adjuvant Therapy for High-Risk Localized Renal Cell Carcinoma: Current Landscape and Future Direction

Dylan M Buller et al. Onco Targets Ther. .

Abstract

Locally and regionally advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) can recur at high rates even after visually complete resection of primary disease. Both targeted therapies and immunotherapies represent potential agents that might help reduce recurrence of RCC in these patients. This paper reviews the current body of evidence defining their potential impact and examines the large Phase III randomized clinical trials that have been performed to assess the safety and efficacy of these systemic therapies in the adjuvant setting. Given that the findings from these trials have been predominantly negative, this paper also explores the role of other potential adjuvant agents, including single and combination agent targeted therapies and immunotherapies, whose use is currently limited to metastatic RCC. Finally, the use of radiation therapy and the use of advanced imaging modalities in RCC are also considered.

Keywords: adjuvant therapy; immunotherapy; radiation; renal cell carcinoma; targeted therapy.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors report no conflicts of interest in this work.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Schematic of RCC tumor microenvironment. Schematic depicts cell types and protein targets corresponding to therapeutics with demonstrated efficacy for advanced RCC.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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