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Review
. 2023 Mar;37(3):e22791.
doi: 10.1096/fj.202201486R.

The role of metabolic reprogramming of oxygen-induced macrophages in the dynamic changes of atherosclerotic plaques

Lin Shen  1   2 , Weiyue Chen  1   2 , Jiayi Ding  1   2 , Gaofeng Shu  1   2 , Minjiang Chen  1   2 , Zhongwei Zhao  1   2 , Shuiwei Xia  1   2 , Jiansong Ji  1   2
Affiliations
Review

The role of metabolic reprogramming of oxygen-induced macrophages in the dynamic changes of atherosclerotic plaques

Lin Shen et al. FASEB J. 2023 Mar.

Abstract

Atherosclerosis (As) is a chronic vascular inflammatory disease. Macrophages are the most important immune cells in atherosclerotic plaques, and the phenotype of plaque macrophages shifts dynamically to adapt to changes in the plaque microenvironment. The aerobic microenvironment of early atherosclerotic plaques promotes the transformation of M2/alternatively activated macrophages mainly through oxidative phosphorylation; the anoxic microenvironment of advanced atherosclerotic plaques mainly promotes the formation of M1/classically activated macrophages through anaerobic glycolysis; and the adventitia angiogenesis of aged atherosclerotic plaques leads to an increase in the proportion of M2/M1 macrophages. Therefore, this review deeply elucidates the dynamic change mechanism of plaque macrophages and the regulation of plaque oxygen content and immune metabolism to find new targets for the treatment of As.

Keywords: atherosclerosis; hypoxia; macrophage polarization; metabolic reprogramming.

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