Physical activity based on dance movements as complementary therapy for Parkinson's disease: Effects on movement, executive functions, depressive symptoms, and quality of life

Abstract

Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive, neurodegenerative disease with motor symptoms that are well understood, but non-motor symptoms may be present and appear at different temporal stages of the disease. Physical activity based on dance movements is emerging as a complementary therapeutic approach to a range of PD symptoms as a multidimensional activity that requires rhythmic synchronization and more neuromuscular functions.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of physical activity based on dance movements on the movement, executive functions, depressive symptoms, quality of life, and severity of PD in individuals diagnosed with PD.

Methods: 13 individuals with PD (Hoehn & Yahr I-III, MDS-UPDRS 67.62 ± 20.83), underwent physical activity based on dance movements (2x week for 6 months). Participants were assessed at baseline and after 6 months on movement (POMA, TUG and MDS-UPDRS Part III), executive function (FAB), depressive symptoms (MADRS), quality of life (PDQ-39), and severity of PD (MDS-UPDRS TOTAL). Student's t-test was used to compare pre and post-intervention results.

Results: We observed a significant improvement in the movement (balance and gait) by the POMA test, p = 0.0207, executive function by the FAB test, p = 0.0074, abstract reasoning and inhibitory control by the FAB, Conceptualization test, p = 0.0062, and Inhibitory Control, p = 0.0064, depressive symptoms assessed by the MADRS test significantly reduced, p = 0.0214, and the quality of life by the PDQ-39 had a significant increase after the intervention, p = 0.0006, showed significant improvements between the pre-and post-intervention periods of physical activity based on dance movements.

Conclusion: Physical activity based on dance movements contributed to significant improvements in movement (balance and gait), executive functions, especially in cognitive flexibility and inhibitory control, and the quality of life too. Sensorimotor integration, most cognitive processing and social skills may have contributed to the results.

Trial registration: The study was registered in the Brazilian registry of clinical trials: RBR-3bhbrb5.

Fig 1. Flowchart of the recruitment of study participants and protocol testing.

Fig 2

Graphic representations of the mean results obtained during the pre-and post-intervention evaluations for the movement (a), executive functions (b), cognitive flexibility (c), inhibitory control (d), depressive symptoms (e), quality of life (f), and Parkinson’s disease severity (g) assessment protocols. Mean ± S.D. t test, * p<0,05 ** p<0,01 *** p<0,001. POMA: Performance Oriented Mobility Assessment; FAB: Frontal Assessment Battery; MADRS: Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale; PDQ-39: Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire—39 items; MDS-UPDRS: Movement Disorder Society—Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale.