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Review
. 2023 Mar;102(3):102456.
doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.102456. Epub 2022 Dec 30.

A meta-analysis of the effects of clay mineral supplementation on alkaline phosphatase, broiler health, and performance

Mohammad Miftakhus Sholikin  1 , Sadarman  2 , Agung Irawan  3 , Ahmad Sofyan  4 , Anuraga Jayanegara  5 , Barlah Rumhayati  6 , Cecep Hidayat  4 , Danung Nur Adli  7 , Hardi Julendra  8 , Hendra Herdian  4 , Ifa Manzila  9 , Mohammad Firdaus Hudaya  8 , Muhammad Ainsyar Harahap  8 , Novia Qomariyah  4 , Rahmat Budiarto  10 , Rantan Krisnan  4 , Santiananda Arta Asmarasari  8 , Sari Yanti Hayanti  8 , Teguh Wahyono  11 , Tri Puji Priyatno  8 , Tri Ujilestari  12 , Windu Negara  8 , Wulandari Wulandari  8 , Nahrowi Nahrowi  13
Affiliations
Review

A meta-analysis of the effects of clay mineral supplementation on alkaline phosphatase, broiler health, and performance

Mohammad Miftakhus Sholikin et al. Poult Sci. 2023 Mar.

Abstract

The crucial constraint in the broiler production sector is feed efficiency; many feed additives have been widely employed to increase broiler growth. Nonetheless, some of these substances exacerbate health and animal-based food product safety concerns. This meta-analysis examines the effect of clay minerals on alkaline phosphatase (ALP), broiler health, and performance. Metadata was constructed from 369 data items that were harvested from 86 studies. The addition of clay minerals was set as a fixed effect and the difference between experiments was established as a random effect. The metadata were fitted using a linear mixed model. Due to the presence of clay minerals, growth performance as assessed by body weight (BW), average daily gain (ADG), and performance efficiency index (PEI) increased significantly (P < 0.01). In the total period, the increases of BW, ADG, and PEI were 4.12 g, 0.0714 g/d, and 0.648, respectively, per unit of clay minerals added. Clay minerals did not affect blood serum parameters (e.g., ALP and calcium). The IgA and IgM concentrations in the jejunum and ileum were significantly greater (P < 0.01) in the starter phase. Among clay minerals, broilers fed diets with aluminosilicate, halloysite, kaolin, and zeolite consistently exhibited higher (P < 0.05) BW, ADG, PEI, and lower feed conversion ratio (P < 0.05) in the finisher phase. Aluminosilicate was the only clay that increased (P < 0.05) secretory IgA concentration in both jejunum and ileum. In conclusion, clay minerals could be used as a growth promoter, especially during the finisher phase, without adversely affecting feed intake, liver function, and mineral metabolism in broiler chickens. Aluminosilicate was superior in improving the mucosal immunity status of broiler chickens.

Keywords: broiler chickens; clay mineral; growth promoters; meta-analysis; zeolite.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Process of literature selection for meta-analysis data. The process of identifying and selecting article resources for a meta-analysis study. Collected 3,802 related articles, then through the selection process, selected 86 articles that are available for data extraction.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Matrix correlation of clay mineral on broiler performance at starter, finisher, and total period of treatment. Body weight (BW, g), average daily gain (ADG, g/h/d), average daily feed intake (ADFI, g/h/d), feed convertion ratio (FCR), and performance efficiency index (PEI).
Figure 3
Figure 3
Mode of action of clay and clay mineral in the small intestine (modified from Gadde et al., 2017). Clay and clay minerals bind antinutrients, pathogens, and toxins in the broiler small intestine by absorbing and expelling them. This condition will improve the gut health, as shown by a rise in increased enzyme activity and lactic acid bacteria.
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