Effect of dietary concentrations of metabolizable energy and neutral detergent fiber on productive performance, egg quality, fatty liver incidence, and hepatic fatty acid metabolism in aged laying hens

Abstract

The objective of the current experiment was to investigate the effect of dietary concentrations of ME and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) on productive performance, egg quality, fatty liver incidence, and hepatic fatty acid metabolism in aged laying hens. A total of three hundred twenty 75-wk-old Hy-Line Brown laying hens were allotted to 1 of 4 dietary treatments with 8 replicates. Each replicate consisted of 10 consecutive cages with 1 hen per cage. The experiment was conducted using a completely randomized design with 2 × 2 factorial arrangement consisting of 2 levels of ME (normal [commercially recommended AME_n levels; 2,730 kcal/kg] and low [50 kcal/kg reduction in AME_n; 2,680 kcal/kg]) and 2 levels of NDF (low [9.01 and 9.61%; normal-ME and low-ME diets_, respectively] and high [12.57 and 13.42%; normal-ME and low-ME diets_, respectively]) in the diet. The diets and water were provided to hens on an ad libitum basis for 12 wk. Results indicated that no interactions between dietary concentrations of ME and NDF were observed for all measurements except for egg yolk color, eggshell thickness, and 2 hepatic gene expressions (i.e., carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1A and malic enzyme). For the main effects, increasing NDF concentrations in diets increased (P < 0.05) feed intake without affecting other productive performance. Hens fed normal-ME and high-NDF diets showed the darkest (P < 0.05) egg yolk color among those fed treatment diets, showing an interaction (P < 0.05). Increasing NDF concentrations in low-ME diets did not influence eggshell thickness, but those in normal-ME diets increased eggshell thickness in laying hens, showing an interaction (P < 0.05). For the main effects, increasing concentrations of dietary NDF or ME reduced (P < 0.05) hepatic fat concentrations with decreasing expressions in several genes related to fatty acid synthesis. In conclusion, increasing NDF concentrations in commercially-recommended ME diets decrease hepatic fat concentrations in aged laying hens, and therefore, may have a preventative effect on the fatty liver development in aged laying hens.

Keywords: aged laying hen; egg quality; fatty liver incidence; metabolizable energy; neutral detergent fiber.