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. 2023 Apr;40(4):845-850.
doi: 10.1007/s10815-023-02736-9. Epub 2023 Feb 6.

The impact of anti-Müllerian hormone on endometrial thickness in gonadotropin stimulation/intrauterine insemination cycles: is there an effect on pregnancy outcomes?

Stylianos Vagios  1   2 , Caitlin R Sacha  3 , Kaitlyn E James  4 , Karissa C Hammer  3 , Victoria W Fitz  3 , Irene Dimitriadis  3 , Charles L Bormann  3 , Irene Souter  3
Affiliations

The impact of anti-Müllerian hormone on endometrial thickness in gonadotropin stimulation/intrauterine insemination cycles: is there an effect on pregnancy outcomes?

Stylianos Vagios et al. J Assist Reprod Genet. 2023 Apr.

Abstract

Purpose: To study the association, if any, between anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) and pre-ovulatory endometrial thickness (ET) in gonadotropin/intrauterine insemination (IUI) cycles.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included a total of 964 patients undergoing 1926 gonadotropin/IUI cycles at an academic fertility center. Primary outcome measure was the association between serum AMH and measured ET on the day of and the day before human chorionic gonadotropin hormone (hCG) ovulation trigger. The effect of a model combining AMH and ET on early pregnancy outcomes was a secondary measure.

Results: In 52.8% of cycles, ET was last assessed and recorded on the day of hCG administration, while in the remaining 47.2% on the day prior to trigger. In unadjusted regression models, AMH was weakly correlated with ET on hCG trigger day [bAMH (95%CI) = 0.032 (- 0.008, 0.070), p = 0.015]. When adjusting for potential confounders, the positive correlation became significant [0.051 (0.006, 0.102), p = 0.047]. Similar findings were observed when assessing the correlation between AMH and ET on the day prior to hCG trigger. ET was non-significantly associated with the odds of clinical pregnancy, when adjusting for potential confounders, except for when restricting the analysis to couples with idiopathic infertility [OR (95%CI), p-value: 0.787 (0.623, 0.993), 0.044].

Conclusion: Our findings support an effect of serum AMH on endometrial development in gonadotropin induced cycles, even when adjusting for the diagnosis of PCOS. ET was not associated with the odds of achieving a clinical pregnancy, except for couples with idiopathic infertility.

Keywords: Anti-Müllerian hormone; Endometrial thickness; Gonadotropins; Intrauterine insemination.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Endometrial thickness (ET) impact on clinical outcomes in cycles with endometrial thickness info the day of trigger. AMH, anti-Müllerian hormone; BMI, body mass index; E2, estradiol
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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