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Multicenter Study
. 2023 Feb 6;23(1):75.
doi: 10.1186/s12879-023-08010-8.

The clinical outcomes of COVID-19 critically ill patients co-infected with other respiratory viruses: a multicenter, cohort study

Khalid Al Sulaiman  1   2   3   4 , Ohoud Aljuhani  5 , Hisham A Badreldin  6   7   8 , Ghazwa B Korayem  9 , Abeer A Alenazi  10 , Ahlam H Alharbi  10 , Albandari Alghamdi  9 , Alaa Alhubaishi  9 , Ali F Altebainawi  11 , Mohammad Bosaeed  12   13 , Rand Alotaibi  9 , Ahad Alawad  9 , Nirvana Alnajjar  9 , Khalid Bin Saleh  6   7   8 , Walaa A Sait  14 , Samiah Alsohimi  15   16 , Meshari M Alanizy  7 , Sarah A Almuqbil  17 , Ibrahim Al Sulaihim  18 , Ramesh Vishwakarma  19 , Mai Alalawi  20 , Fatimah Alhassan  6   8 , Suliman Alghnam  21
Affiliations
Multicenter Study

The clinical outcomes of COVID-19 critically ill patients co-infected with other respiratory viruses: a multicenter, cohort study

Khalid Al Sulaiman et al. BMC Infect Dis. .

Erratum in

Abstract

Background: Previous studies have shown that non-critically ill COVID-19 patients co-infected with other respiratory viruses have poor clinical outcomes. However, limited studies focused on this co-infections in critically ill patients. This study aims to evaluate the clinical outcomes of critically ill patients infected with COVID-19 and co-infected by other respiratory viruses.

Methods: A multicenter retrospective cohort study was conducted for all adult patients with COVID-19 who were hospitalized in the ICUs between March, 2020 and July, 2021. Eligible patients were sub-categorized into two groups based on simultaneous co-infection with other respiratory viruses throughout their ICU stay. Influenza A or B, Human Adenovirus (AdV), Human Coronavirus (i.e., 229E, HKU1, NL63, or OC43), Human Metapneumovirus, Human Rhinovirus/Enterovirus, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV), Parainfluenza virus, and Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) were among the respiratory viral infections screened. Patients were followed until discharge from the hospital or in-hospital death.

Results: A total of 836 patients were included in the final analysis. Eleven patients (1.3%) were infected concomitantly with other respiratory viruses. Rhinovirus/Enterovirus (38.5%) was the most commonly reported co-infection. No difference was observed between the two groups regarding the 30-day mortality (HR 0.39, 95% CI 0.13, 1.20; p = 0.10). The in-hospital mortality was significantly lower among co-infected patients with other respiratory viruses compared with patients who were infected with COVID-19 alone (HR 0.32 95% CI 0.10, 0.97; p = 0.04). Patients concomitantly infected with other respiratory viruses had longer median mechanical ventilation (MV) duration and hospital length of stay (LOS).

Conclusion: Critically ill patients with COVID-19 who were concomitantly infected with other respiratory viruses had comparable 30-day mortality to those not concomitantly infected. Further proactive testing and care may be required in the case of co-infection with respiratory viruses and COVID-19. The results of our study need to be confirmed by larger studies.

Keywords: COVID19; Coinfection; Coronavirus disease; Critically ill; MV duration; Mortality; Outcomes; Respiratory viruses.

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Conflict of interest statement

No author has a conflict of interest in this study.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Flow diagram showing patients recruited with COVID-19. COVID-19  coronavirus disease, ICU  intensive care unit, LOS  length of stay
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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