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Meta-Analysis
. 2022 Jan-Dec:29:10732748221079474.
doi: 10.1177/10732748221079474.

Active Immunotherapy for Glioblastoma Treatment: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Joni Wahyuhadi  1   2 , Irwan Barlian Immadoel Haq  1   2 , Muhammad Reza Arifianto  1   2 , Bagus Sulistyono  1   2 , Rizki Meizikri  1   2 , Atika Rosada  1   2 , Cita Rosita Sigit Prakoeswa  3   2 , Rahadian Indarto Susilo  1   2
Affiliations
Meta-Analysis

Active Immunotherapy for Glioblastoma Treatment: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Joni Wahyuhadi et al. Cancer Control. 2022 Jan-Dec.

Abstract

Introduction: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) makes 60-70% of gliomas and 15% of primary brain tumors. Despite the availability of standard multimodal therapy, 2 years, 3 years, and 5 years survival rate of GBM are still low. Active immunotherapy is a relatively new treatment option for GBM that seems promising.

Methods: An electronic database search on PubMed, Cochrane, Scopus, and clinicaltrials.gov was performed to include all relevant studies. This study was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA). Reported parameters are OS, PFS, AEs, post treatment KPS, and 2 year mortality.

Results: Active immunotherapy provided better OS (HR = .85; 95% CI = .71-1.01; P = .06) and PFS (HS = .83; 95% CI= .66 - 1.03; P = .11) side albeit not statistically significant. Active immunotherapy reduces the risk of 2 year mortality as much as 2.5% compared to control group (NNT and RRR was 56.7078 and 0,0258, respectively).

Conclusion: Active immunotherapy might be beneficial in terms of survival rate in patients with GBM although not statistically significant. It could be a treatment option for GBM in the future.

Keywords: active immunotherapy; glioblastoma; glioblastoma multiforme; high-grade glioma; vaccine.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declaration of Conflicting Interests: The author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
PRISMA flowchart.
Figure 2. Risk of bias (A) across all included studies, (B) eachinc luded study.
Figure 2. Risk of bias (A) across all included studies, (B) eachinc luded study.
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
(A) The effect of intervention towards OS, (B) The effect of intervention towards PFS.
Figure 4.
Figure 4.
Pooled incidence of grade III/IV AEs among treatment group.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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