Review

. 2023 Jan;23(1):3-106.

doi: 10.5230/jgc.2023.23.e11.

Korean Practice Guidelines for Gastric Cancer 2022: An Evidence-based, Multidisciplinary Approach

Tae-Han Kim^#¹, In-Ho Kim^#², Seung Joo Kang^#³, Miyoung Choi⁴, Baek-Hui Kim⁵, Bang Wool Eom⁶, Bum Jun Kim⁷, Byung-Hoon Min⁸, Chang In Choi⁹, Cheol Min Shin¹⁰, Chung Hyun Tae¹¹, Chung Sik Gong¹², Dong Jin Kim¹³, Arthur Eung-Hyuck Cho¹⁴, Eun Jeong Gong¹⁵, Geum Jong Song¹⁶, Hyeon-Su Im¹⁷, Hye Seong Ahn¹⁸, Hyun Lim¹⁹, Hyung-Don Kim²⁰, Jae-Joon Kim²¹, Jeong Il Yu²², Jeong Won Lee²³, Ji Yeon Park²⁴, Jwa Hoon Kim²⁵, Kyoung Doo Song²⁶, Minkyu Jung²⁷, Mi Ran Jung²⁸, Sang-Yong Son²⁹, Shin-Hoo Park³⁰, Soo Jin Kim³¹, Sung Hak Lee³², Tae-Yong Kim³³, Woo Kyun Bae³⁴, Woong Sub Koom³⁵, Yeseob Jee³⁶, Yoo Min Kim³⁷, Yoonjin Kwak³⁸, Young Suk Park³⁹, Hye Sook Han⁴⁰, Su Youn Nam⁴¹, Seong-Ho Kong⁴²; Development Working Groups for the Korean Practice Guidelines for Gastric Cancer 2022 Task Force Team

Affiliations

¹ Department of Surgery, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon, Korea.
² Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
³ Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center Seoul, Seoul, Korea.
⁴ National Evidence-based Healthcare Collaborating Agency (NECA), Seoul, Korea.
⁵ Department of Pathology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
⁶ Center for Gastric Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea.
⁷ Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Medical Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Korea.
⁸ Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
⁹ Department of Surgery, Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan, Korea.
¹⁰ Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seungnam, Korea.
¹¹ Department of Internal Medicine, Ewha Woman's University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
¹² Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center and University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
¹³ Department of Surgery, Eunpyeong St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
¹⁴ Department of Nuclear Medicine, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
¹⁵ Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea.
¹⁶ Department of Surgery, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Korea.
¹⁷ Department of Hematology and Oncology, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea.
¹⁸ Department of Surgery, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
¹⁹ Department of Gastroenterology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, University of Hallym College of Medicine, Anyang, Korea.
²⁰ Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
²¹ Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea.
²² Department of Radiation Oncology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
²³ Department of Nuclear Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea.
²⁴ Department of Surgery, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea.
²⁵ Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
²⁶ Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea.
²⁷ Division of Medical Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Korea.
²⁸ Department of Surgery, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea.
²⁹ Department of Surgery, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea.
³⁰ Department of Surgery, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
³¹ Department of Radiology, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea.
³² Department of Hospital Pathology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
³³ Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
³⁴ Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Korea.
³⁵ Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
³⁶ Department of Surgery, Dankook University Hospital, Cheonan, Korea.
³⁷ Department of Surgery, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
³⁸ Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
³⁹ Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.
⁴⁰ Department of Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea. hyesukhan@chungbuk.ac.kr.
⁴¹ Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea. nam20131114@gmail.com.
⁴² Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital and Seoul National University College of Medicine Cancer Research Institute, Seoul, Korea. seongho.kong@snu.ac.kr.

^# Contributed equally.

PMID: 36750993
PMCID: PMC9911619
DOI: 10.5230/jgc.2023.23.e11

Review

Korean Practice Guidelines for Gastric Cancer 2022: An Evidence-based, Multidisciplinary Approach

Tae-Han Kim et al. J Gastric Cancer. 2023 Jan.

. 2023 Jan;23(1):3-106.

doi: 10.5230/jgc.2023.23.e11.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Department of Surgery, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon, Korea.
² Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
³ Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center Seoul, Seoul, Korea.
⁴ National Evidence-based Healthcare Collaborating Agency (NECA), Seoul, Korea.
⁵ Department of Pathology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
⁶ Center for Gastric Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea.
⁷ Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Medical Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Korea.
⁸ Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
⁹ Department of Surgery, Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan, Korea.
¹⁰ Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seungnam, Korea.
¹¹ Department of Internal Medicine, Ewha Woman's University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
¹² Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center and University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
¹³ Department of Surgery, Eunpyeong St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
¹⁴ Department of Nuclear Medicine, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
¹⁵ Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea.
¹⁶ Department of Surgery, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Korea.
¹⁷ Department of Hematology and Oncology, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea.
¹⁸ Department of Surgery, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
¹⁹ Department of Gastroenterology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, University of Hallym College of Medicine, Anyang, Korea.
²⁰ Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
²¹ Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea.
²² Department of Radiation Oncology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
²³ Department of Nuclear Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea.
²⁴ Department of Surgery, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea.
²⁵ Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
²⁶ Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea.
²⁷ Division of Medical Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Korea.
²⁸ Department of Surgery, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea.
²⁹ Department of Surgery, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea.
³⁰ Department of Surgery, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
³¹ Department of Radiology, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea.
³² Department of Hospital Pathology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
³³ Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
³⁴ Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Korea.
³⁵ Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
³⁶ Department of Surgery, Dankook University Hospital, Cheonan, Korea.
³⁷ Department of Surgery, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
³⁸ Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
³⁹ Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.
⁴⁰ Department of Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea. hyesukhan@chungbuk.ac.kr.
⁴¹ Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea. nam20131114@gmail.com.
⁴² Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital and Seoul National University College of Medicine Cancer Research Institute, Seoul, Korea. seongho.kong@snu.ac.kr.

^# Contributed equally.

PMID: 36750993
PMCID: PMC9911619
DOI: 10.5230/jgc.2023.23.e11

Erratum in

Erratum: Korean Practice Guidelines for Gastric Cancer 2022: An Evidence-based, Multidisciplinary Approach.
Kim TH, Kim IH, Kang SJ, Choi M, Kim BH, Eom BW, Kim BJ, Min BH, Choi CI, Shin CM, Tae CH, Gong CS, Kim DJ, Cho AE, Gong EJ, Song GJ, Im HS, Ahn HS, Lim H, Kim HD, Kim JJ, Yu JI, Lee JW, Park JY, Kim JH, Song KD, Jung M, Jung MR, Son SY, Park SH, Kim SJ, Lee SH, Kim TY, Bae WK, Koom WS, Jee Y, Kim YM, Kwak Y, Park YS, Han HS, Nam SY, Kong SH. Kim TH, et al. J Gastric Cancer. 2023 Apr;23(2):365-373. doi: 10.5230/jgc.2023.23.e20. J Gastric Cancer. 2023. PMID: 37129159 Free PMC article.

Abstract

Gastric cancer is one of the most common cancers in Korea and the world. Since 2004, this is the 4th gastric cancer guideline published in Korea which is the revised version of previous evidence-based approach in 2018. Current guideline is a collaborative work of the interdisciplinary working group including experts in the field of gastric surgery, gastroenterology, endoscopy, medical oncology, abdominal radiology, pathology, nuclear medicine, radiation oncology and guideline development methodology. Total of 33 key questions were updated or proposed after a collaborative review by the working group and 40 statements were developed according to the systematic review using the MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library and KoreaMed database. The level of evidence and the grading of recommendations were categorized according to the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation proposition. Evidence level, benefit, harm, and clinical applicability was considered as the significant factors for recommendation. The working group reviewed recommendations and discussed for consensus. In the earlier part, general consideration discusses screening, diagnosis and staging of endoscopy, pathology, radiology, and nuclear medicine. Flowchart is depicted with statements which is supported by meta-analysis and references. Since clinical trial and systematic review was not suitable for postoperative oncologic and nutritional follow-up, working group agreed to conduct a nationwide survey investigating the clinical practice of all tertiary or general hospitals in Korea. The purpose of this survey was to provide baseline information on follow up. Herein we present a multidisciplinary-evidence based gastric cancer guideline.

Keywords: Chemotherapy; Endoscopy; Guidelines; Stomach neoplasms; Surgery.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

Seong-Ho Kong has received research funding from Stryker Co., Ltd. and Medtronic Inc. as the principal investigator and is the CEO of VITCAL, Co., Ltd. No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

Figures

**Fig. 1. Forest plot comparing staging accuracy between axial plane plus MPR vs. axial plane only in multidetector row computed tomography.**
MPR = multiplanar reformation; CI = confidence interval.

Fig. 2. Forest plot for comparison of local recurrence. (A) Risk of local recurrence in endoscopic treatment group vs. follow-up without therapy group. (B) Risk of local recurrence in endoscopic treatment group vs. gastrectomy.
Tx = treatment; CI = confidence interval.

**Fig. 3. Forest plot for a comparison of the risk of metachronous gastric cancer between *Helicobacter pylori* eradication (experimental) vs. no treatment (control).**
SE = standard error; IV = interval variable; CI = confidence interval.

**Fig. 4. Forest plots comparing reconstruction methods. (A) Operation time. (B) Complications. (C) Hospital stay. (D) Bile reflux. (E) Esophageal reflux.**
SD = standard deviation; IV = interval variable; CI = confidence interval.

Fig. 5. Forest plots for comparison between proximal gastrectomy with double tract reconstruction vs. total gastrectomy in retrospective studies. (A) Vitamin B12 deficiency. (B) Weight loss. (C) Early complications. (D) Reflux symptom.
PG = proximal gastrectomy; DTR = double tract reconstruction; TG = total gastrectomy; IV = interval variable; CI = confidence interval.

**Fig. 6. Forest plot for a comparison between no splenectomy (experimental) vs. splenectomy (control). (A) Survival. (B) Complications.**
CI = confidence interval.

**Fig. 7. Forest plot, LN metastasis rates of distal stomach according to the depth of tumor. (A) LN metastasis rate comparison T3 vs. T2 (P=0.17). (B) LN metastasis rate comparison T4 vs. T2 (P<0.01).**
LN = lymph node; CI = confidence interval.

Fig. 8. Forest plots for comparisons between the TH abdominal approach vs. TT approach. TT approaches in the observational studies included. In-hospital mortality: (A) RCTs; (B) Observational studies. Pulmonary complications: (C) RCTs; (D) Observational studies. Five-year survival: (E) RCTs; (F) Observational studies.
TH = transhiatal; TT = transthoracic; CI = confidence interval; RCT = randomized controlled trial.

Fig. 9. Forest plots for comparison between the sentinel node navigation surgery vs. conventional surgery in observational studies. (A) Overall survival. (B) Body weight: percentages compared to preoperative body weight.
SE = standard error; SNNS = sentinel node navigation surgery; SD = standard deviation; IV = interval variable; CI = confidence interval.

**Fig. 10. Forest plots for comparisons between laparoscopic and open (conventional) distal gastrectomy in c-Stage I gastric cancer. (A)Overall survival. (B)Complications. (C) Intraoperative blood loss.**
SE = standard error; SD = standard deviation; IV = interval variable; CI = confidence interval.

Fig. 11. Forest plots for comparisons between laparoscopic and open (conventional) distal gastrectomy in cT2-4a gastric cancer. (A) Overall survival. (B) Complications. (C) Intraoperative blood loss. (D) Operation time. (E) Hospital stay.
SE = standard error; SD = standard deviation; IV = interval variable; CI = confidence interval.

Fig. 12. Forest plots for comparisons between daVinci™ robot gastrectomy vs. laparoscopic gastrectomy. (A) Complications (RCTs). (B) Pancreatic fistula (RCTs and observational studies). (C) Overall survival (observational studies). (D) Operation time (observational studies).
SE = standard error; SD = standard deviation; IV = interval variable; CI = confidence interval; RCT = randomized controlled trial.

Fig. 13. Forest plots for comparisons between PO (experimental) vs. TO (control) in advanced gastric cancer in observational studies. (A) Overall survival (propensity score matched). (B) Relapse-free survival (propensity score matched). (C) Complications.
PO = partial omentectomy; TO = total omentectomy; SE = standard error; IV = interval variable; CI = confidence interval.

Fig. 14. Forest plots for comparisons between adjuvant chemotherapy vs. surgery only and doublet vs. S1 monotherapy. (A) Overall survival for adjuvant chemotherapy (experimental) vs. surgery only (control). (B) Disease-free survival for adjuvant chemotherapy (experimental) vs. surgery only (control). (C) Disease-free survival for oral fluoropyrimidine-based doublet (experimental) vs. S1 monotherapy (control).
SE = standard error; IV = interval variable; CI = confidence interval.

**Fig. 15. Forest plots for comparisons between palliative first-line chemotherapy (experimental) vs. best supportive care (control). (A) Overall survival. (B) Progression-free survival.**
SE = standard error; IV = interval variable; CI = confidence interval.

Fig. 16. Forest plots for comparisons between palliative first-line chemotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitor (experimental) vs. chemotherapy (control). (A) Overall survival. (B) Progression-free survival.
ICI = immune checkpoint inhibitor; SE = standard error; IV = interval variable; CI = confidence interval.

**Fig. 17. Forest plots for comparisons between palliative second-line systemic therapy (experimental) vs. best supportive care or placebo (control). (A) Overall survival. (B) Progression-free survival.**
SE = standard error; IV = interval variable; CI = confidence interval.

**Fig. 18. Forest plots for comparisons between palliative third-line systemic therapy (experimental) vs. best supportive care (control). (A) Overall survival. (B) Progression-free survival.**
SE = standard error; IV = interval variable; CI = confidence interval.

**Fig. 19. Forest plot for a comparison of disease-free survival between neoadjuvant chemotherapy as part of perioperative chemotherapy (experimental) vs. adjuvant chemotherapy only (control).**
SE = standard error; IV = interval variable; CI = confidence interval.

**Fig. 20. Forest plots for comparison between adjuvant concurrent CRT vs. adjuvant platinum-based combination CA. (A) Overall survival. (B) Disease-free survival. (C) Locoregional recurrence.**
CRT = chemoradiation therapy; CA = chemotherapy alone; SE = standard error; IV = interval variable; CI = confidence interval.

**Fig. 21. Forest plots for comparisons between NCRT compared to NCT. (A) Overall survival. (B) Pathologic complete response. (C) Pathologic complete nodal regression. (D) R0 resection.**
NCRT = neoadjuvant chemoradiation; NCT = neoadjuvant chemotherapy; SE = standard error; CI = confidence interval.

**Fig. 22. Forest plot results of meta-analysis of procedure outcomes. (A) Technical success. (B) Clinical success. (C) Procedure related mortality.**
CI = confidence interval.

Fig. 23. Forest plot results of meta-analysis of postoperative outcomes. (A) Resumption of oral intake. (B) Duration of hospital stay. (C) Minor complications. (D) Major complications. (E) Re-intervention. (F) Patency duration. (G) Overall survival.
SD = standard deviation; IV = interval variable; CI = confidence interval.

**Fig. 24. Forest plot for a comparison of overall survival between surgery after chemotherapy vs. chemotherapy alone in metastatic gastric cancer.**
SE = standard error; IV = interval variable; CI = confidence interval.

Fig. 25. Forest plot for comparison of overall survival between (hepatectomy and gastrectomy with chemotherapy) vs. (chemotherapy only) in gastric cancer with oligometastasis confined to liver from observational studies.
SE = standard error; IV = interval variable; CI = confidence interval.

Fig. 26. Forest plot for comparison of overall survival between (oophorectomy and gastrectomy with chemotherapy) vs. (chemotherapy only) in gastric cancer with oligometastasis confined to ovary in observational studies.
SE = standard error; IV = interval variable; CI = confidence interval.

**Flowchart 1. Overall treatment algorithm.**
EGD = esophagogastroduodenoscopy; EUS = endoscopic ultrasound; MDCT = multidetector row computed tomography; PET = positron emission tomography; CT = computed tomography; MRI = magnetic resonance imaging; Diff = well or moderately differentiated; UI = ulcer lesion; UnDiff = poorly differentiated/poorly cohesive (including signet-ring cell); ESD = endoscopic submucosal dissection.

**Flowchart 2. Endoscopic treatment.**
Diff = well or moderately differentiated; UI = ulcer lesion; UnDiff = poorly differentiated/poorly cohesive (including signet-ring cell); ESD = endoscopic submucosal dissection; APC = argon plasma coagulation.

**Flowchart 3. Approach and extent of gastrectomy.**
DG = distal gastrectomy; TG = total gastrectomy; PPG = pylorus-preserving gastrectomy; PG = proximal gastrectomy; LND = lymph node dissection; LN = lymph node.

**Flowchart 4. Treatment plans after gastrectomy.**
LN = lymph node; XELOX = capecitabine and oxaliplatin. *To obtain negative margin, single or combinations of various methods including intraoperative frozen section, perioperative gastroscopy, various preoperative clipping or dyeing, fluorescence imaging technique, ultrasonography, and simple X-ray, etc. can be applied. ^†Preferred in pStage II with LN+ or pStage III.

**Flowchart 5. Treatment guidelines in gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma.**
ESD = endoscopic submucosal dissection; TG = total gastrectomy; PG = proximal gastrectomy; LND = lymph node dissection.

**Flowchart 6. Treatment guideline for palliative systemic therapy.**
HER2 = human epidermal growth factor receptor 2; PD-L1 = programmed cell death-ligand 1; CPS = combined positive score; FOLFOX = 5-fluorouracil, leucovorin, and oxaliplatin; XELOX = capecitabine and oxaliplatin; FP = 5-fluorouracil and cisplatin; XP = capecitabine plus cisplatin; MSI-H = microsatellite instability-high; dMMR = mismatch repair deficient.

See this image and copyright information in PMC

Comment in

The Necessity of Guidance: Optimizing Adjuvant Therapy for Stage II/III MSI-H Gastric Cancer Through the Interplay of Evidence, Clinical Judgment, and Patient Preferences.
Song GJ, Choi YY. Song GJ, et al. J Gastric Cancer. 2024 Jul;24(3):243-245. doi: 10.5230/jgc.2024.24.e26. J Gastric Cancer. 2024. PMID: 38960883 Free PMC article. No abstract available.

References

1. International Agency for Research on Cancer. Cancer fact sheet stomach: Globocan 2020 [Internet] Geneva: World Health Organization; 2022. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today/data/factsheets/cancers/7-Stomach-fact-sheet.pdf.
1. Hong S, Won YJ, Lee JJ, Jung KW, Kong HJ, Im JS, et al. Cancer statistics in Korea: incidence, mortality, survival, and prevalence in 2018. Cancer Res Treat. 2021;53:301–315. - PMC - PubMed
1. National Cancer Center, Korea Central Cancer Registry. Korean Cancer Report 2020. Goyang: National Cancer Center; 2022.
1. Park SH, Kang MJ, Yun EH, Jung KW. Epidemiology of gastric cancer in Korea: trends in incidence and survival based on Korea Central Cancer Registry Data (1999–2019) J Gastric Cancer. 2022;22:160–168. - PMC - PubMed
1. Information Committee of the Korean Gastric Cancer Association. Korean Gastric Cancer Association-led nationwide survey on surgically treated gastric cancers in 2019. J Gastric Cancer. 2021;21:221–235. - PMC - PubMed

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Korean Practice Guidelines for Gastric Cancer 2022: An Evidence-based, Multidisciplinary Approach

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Korean Practice Guidelines for Gastric Cancer 2022: An Evidence-based, Multidisciplinary Approach

Authors

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Abstract

Conflict of interest statement

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Comment in

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