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. 2022 Dec 6:94:37-50.
doi: 10.3897/mycokeys.94.95858. eCollection 2022.

A hotspot of lichen diversity and lichenological research in the Alps: the Paneveggio-Pale di San Martino Natural Park (Italy)

Juri Nascimbene  1 , Gabriele Gheza  1 , Peter O Bilovitz  2 , Luana Francesconi  1 , Josef Hafellner  2 , Helmut Mayrhofer  2 , Maurizio Salvadori  3 , Chiara Vallese  1 , Pier Luigi Nimis  4
Affiliations

A hotspot of lichen diversity and lichenological research in the Alps: the Paneveggio-Pale di San Martino Natural Park (Italy)

Juri Nascimbene et al. MycoKeys. .

Abstract

A checklist of 916 lichenised taxa is reported from the Paneveggio-Pale di San Martino Natural Park and its surroundings (Trentino-Alto Adige, N Italy), based on 7351 records from: (a) 72 literature sources, (b) eight public and private herbaria and (c) field observations by some of the authors. The study area appears as a hotspot of lichen diversity, hosting 30.1% of the lichen biota of the Alps in a territory that has 0.064% of their total surface area. This is mainly due to its high climatical, geological and orographic heterogeneity, but also to the long history of lichenological exploration, that started in the 19th century with Ferdinand Arnold and is still ongoing. The present work highlights the importance of detailed species inventories to support knowledge of biodiversity patterns, taxonomy and ecology and to properly address conservation issues. Fuscideamollisvar.caesioalbescens, Hydropunctariascabra, Protoparmeliabadiavar.cinereobadia and Variosporapaulii are new to Italy, 18 other taxa are new to Trentino-Alto Adige.

Keywords: Alps; biodiversity; checklists; conservation; herbarium studies; historical records; lichen inventories.

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Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Location of the Paneveggio-Pale di San Martino Natural Park within the Alps.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Number of lichen taxa recorded in the three exploration periods and their overlapping.
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
Georeferenced collection sites referred to the 19th (yellow dots), 20th (red dots) and 21st (blue dots) centuries; the continuous black line indicates the borders of the Paneveggio-Pale di San Martino Natural Park.
Figure 4.
Figure 4.
Number of lichen taxa in each altitudinal belt.
Figure 5.
Figure 5.
Number of lichen taxa on the main substrate types.
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References

    1. Arnold F. (1869) Lichenologische Ausflüge in Tirol. IV. Der Schlern. Verhandlungen der kaiserlich-königlichen zoologisch-botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien 19: 606–656.
    1. Arnold F. (1875) Lichenologische Ausflüge in Tirol. XIV. Finsterthal. Verhandlungen der kaiserlich-königlichen zoologisch-botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien 25: 433–496.
    1. Arnold F. (1879) Lichenologische Ausflüge in Tirol. XX. Predazzo. Berichtigungen und Nachträge. Verhandlungen der kaiserlich-königlichen zoologisch-botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien 29: 351–394.
    1. Arnold F. (1880) Lichenologische Ausflüge in Tirol. XXI. A: Berichtigungen und Nachträge. B: Verzeichniss der Tiroler Lichenen. Verhandlungen der kaiserlich-königlichen zoologisch-botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien 30: 95–154.
    1. Arnold F. (1886) Lichenologische Ausflüge in Tirol. XXII. Sulden. Verhandlungen der kaiserlich-königlichen zoologisch-botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien 36: 61–88.

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