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. 2022 May 16:196:49-61.
doi: 10.3897/phytokeys.196.79673. eCollection 2022.

Two new pendulous epiphytic Columnea L. (Gesneriaceae) species from the Chocó forests of the Northern Andes

Francisco Tobar  1   2 , James F Smith  3 , John L Clark  4
Affiliations

Two new pendulous epiphytic Columnea L. (Gesneriaceae) species from the Chocó forests of the Northern Andes

Francisco Tobar et al. PhytoKeys. .

Abstract
in English, Spanish

Exploratory field expeditions to the Chocó forests in the northwestern slopes of the Ecuadorian and Colombian Andes resulted in the discovery of two new species of Columnea (Gesneriaceae). Columneafluidifolia J.L.Clark & F.Tobar, sp. nov., is described as a narrow endemic from Bosque Protector Mashpi and surrounding areas in the province of Pichincha in northern Ecuador. Columneapendens F.Tobar, J.L.Clark & J.F.Sm., sp. nov., is described from recently discovered populations in the provinces of Carchi and Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas (Ecuador) and the departments of Cauca and Nariño in southwestern Colombia. The two new species are pendent epiphytes with elongate shoots and shallowly bilabiate to nearly tubular corollas. Descriptions, complete specimen citations, and a distribution map are provided. Based on IUCN guidelines, a preliminary conservation status of Critically Endangered (CR) is provided for C.fluidifolia and Endangered (EN) is provided for C.pendens.

ResumenLas expediciones de campo a los bosques del Chocó en las laderas noroccidentales de los Andes de Ecuador y Colombia dieron como resultado el descubrimiento de dos nuevas especies de Columnea (Gesneriaceae). Columneafluidifolia J.L.Clark & F.Tobar, sp. nov., descrita como endémica de una reducida área del Bosque Protector Mashpi y zonas circundantes en la provincia de Pichincha. Columneapendens F.Tobar, J.L.Clark & J.F.Sm., sp. nov., se describe a partir de poblaciones recientemente descubiertas en las provincias de Carchi, Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas (Ecuador) y los departamentos de Cauca y Nariño en el suroeste de Colombia. Las dos nuevas especies son epífitas pendulares con brotes alargados y corolas ligeramente bilabiadas a casi tubulares. Descripciones, citaciones completas de los especímenes y mapa de distribución son incluidas. Basados en los criterios de la IUCN, se asigna un estado de conservación preliminar de En Peligro Critico (CR) para C.fluidifolia y a C.pendens se le asigna la categoría de En Peligro (EN).

Keywords: Chocó; Colombia; Columnea; Ecuador; Gesneriaceae; taxonomy.

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Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Distribution of Columneaceticeps (squares), C.fluidifolia (triangles), and C.pendens (circles). Note that range of C.ceticeps extends into the Colombian departments of Chocó, Antioquia and Risaralda (not featured here) (map provided by Marco F. Monteros).
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Columneafluidifolia J.L.Clark & F.Tobar A lateral view of mature flower B anisophyllous leaf pairs C isophyllous leaf pairs (base & apex) and anisophyllous leaf pairs (middle) D immature berry E mature berry (A, B, D from J.L. Clark 16286C, E from A.J. Perez & F. Tobar sn). Photos A, B, D by J.L. Clark & C, E by F. Tobar.
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
Columneafluidifolia J.L.Clark & F.Tobar A pendent shoot B lateral view of flower C bilobed dorsal nectary gland and ovary D mature calyx with style E stomatomorphic stigma F corolla opened featuring mature anthers G mature corolla. Illustration by M.J. Gavilanes.
Figure 4.
Figure 4.
Columneaceticeps J.L.Clark & J.F.Sm. A mature flower B pendent shoot C deeply bilabiate corolla D calyx lobes (A–D from J.L. Clark 12950D photos by J.L. Clark.
Figure 5.
Figure 5.
Columneapendens F.Tobar, J.L.Clark & J.F.Sm. A mature flower B pendent shoot C gynoecium and androecium D calyx lobes (A–D from F. Tobar 3638). Photos by F. Tobar.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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