The role of serum gastric peptide ghrelin hormone level in irritable bowel syndrome at Zagazig University Hospitals

Abstract

Generalized dysmotility of the gastrointestinal tract develops in individuals with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The ghrelin hormone appears to be critical in controlling gastrointestinal motility. We aimed to evaluate serum ghrelin levels in people with IBS and to demonstrate its role in IBS pathophysiology. This study included 32 individuals with IBS (16 with constipation and 16 with diarrhea) and 16 healthy individuals as controls. Blood specimens were collected from patients and controls following an overnight fast. Total ghrelin level was detected in plasma by commercially available ELISA Kit. There were significant differences in the serum levels of ghrelin between the control group and both types of IBS. The mean±SD of ghrelin level in the control group was 2.608±0.714 pg/ml, and that of both types of IBS was 5.782±2.450 pg/ml (P-value<0.001). There was a significant variation between the control and IBS-D groups (mean±SD: 7.838±1.687 pg/ml, p-value<0.001). Also, we indicated a considerable difference between the control and IBS-C groups (mean±SD: 3.726±0.740 pg/ml, P-value<0.001). In comparing the IBS-D group and IBS-C group, we found a highly considerable variation between the two groups (p-value<0.001). This means that serum ghrelin levels were significantly greater in IBS-D than in IBS-C and the control group. Our findings concluded that serum ghrelin level was higher among the IBS-D group than in the IBS-C and control groups. The ghrelin hormone may play a vital role in IBS pathophysiology.

Keywords: BMI – body mass index; ESR – erythrocyte sedimentation rate; FGID – functional gastrointestinal disorder; GH – growth hormone; IBS – Irritable bowel syndrome; IBS-C – Irritable bowel syndrome constipation; IBS-D – Irritable bowel syndrome diarrhea; IBS-M – Irritable bowel syndrome mixed diarrhea and constipation; IBS-U – Irritable bowel syndrome unclassified; TSH – thyroid-stimulating hormone; constipation; diarrhea; ghrelin; irritable bowel syndrome.