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Review
. 2023 Mar;64(3):602-618.
doi: 10.1111/epi.17448. Epub 2023 Feb 10.

Routine and sleep EEG: Minimum recording standards of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology and the International League Against Epilepsy

Maria E Peltola  1 , Markus Leitinger  2 , Jonathan J Halford  3 , Kollencheri Puthenveettil Vinayan  4 , Katsuhiro Kobayashi  5 , Ronit M Pressler  6 , Ioana Mindruta  7 , Luis Carlos Mayor  8 , Leena Lauronen  1 , Sándor Beniczky  9
Affiliations
Review

Routine and sleep EEG: Minimum recording standards of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology and the International League Against Epilepsy

Maria E Peltola et al. Epilepsia. 2023 Mar.

Abstract

This article provides recommendations on the minimum standards for recording routine ("standard") and sleep electroencephalography (EEG). The joint working group of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology (IFCN) and the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) developed the standards according to the methodology suggested for epilepsy-related clinical practice guidelines by the Epilepsy Guidelines Working Group. We reviewed the published evidence using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) statement. The quality of evidence for sleep induction methods was assessed by the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations (GRADE) method. A tool for Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Studies (QUADAS-2) was used to assess the risk of bias in technical and methodological studies. Where high-quality published evidence was lacking, we used modified Delphi technique to reach expert consensus. The GRADE system was used to formulate the recommendations. The quality of evidence was low or moderate. We formulated 16 consensus-based recommendations for minimum standards for recording routine and sleep EEG. The recommendations comprise the following aspects: indications, technical standards, recording duration, sleep induction, and provocative methods.

Keywords: EEG activations; EEG provocations; EEG technical standards; sleep-deprived EEG; standard EEG.

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Conflict of interest statement

Disclosure of Conflicts of Interest

Sándor Beniczky has served as scientific consultant for Epihunter and received speaker honoraria from Natus. Jonathan J. Halford has served as a Board Advisor for CortiCare. Ronit M Pressler is an investigator for studies with UCB and does consultancy work for Kephala, Ireland. She served as a speaker and/or on Advisory Boards for Natus, GW Pharmacceuticals, Eisai, and UCB. The remaining authors have no conflicts of interest

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