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. 2023 Jan 31;20(3):2584.
doi: 10.3390/ijerph20032584.

Analysis of the Characteristics and Causes of Night Tourism Accidents in China Based on SNA and QAP Methods

Rui Huang  1 , Chaowu Xie  1 , Feifei Lai  1 , Xiang Li  2 , Gaoyang Wu  1 , Ian Phau  3
Affiliations

Analysis of the Characteristics and Causes of Night Tourism Accidents in China Based on SNA and QAP Methods

Rui Huang et al. Int J Environ Res Public Health. .

Abstract

The key purpose of this paper is to address an inherent gap in the literature on safety issues in the development of night tourism. This research takes a novel methodological approach, by using 8787 cases of tourism safety accidents in typical night tourism cities in China, and applying social network analysis (SNA) and quadratic assignment procedure (QAP) regression analysis to explore the multidimensional structural characteristics and risk-causing factors of night tourism accidents. Key findings include: (1) Amidst the complexity and diversity of the night tourism safety accidents in cities, disastrous accidents, public health accidents, natural disasters, and social security accidents are the main types of night tourism safety accidents. (2) Night tourism safety accidents have strong aggregation in specific time periods and spatial regions. There are differences in the timepoint and duration of each accident type, showing different distribution characteristics in different cities and locations. (3) Distribution of accident types in night tourism products shows obvious core-edge structure characteristics. (4) The degree of co-occurrence of four risk-inducing factors, i.e., personnel, facilities, environment, and management, has high explanatory power at the accident correlation level in the co-occurrence network of night tourism safety accidents in cities, and the influence effects of risk factors are heterogeneous at different timepoints. Our results provide some valuable implications for optimizing night tourism safety governance in cities.

Keywords: accident characteristics; night tourism; quadratic assignment procedure; risk inducing factors; safety accidents; social network analysis.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The analytical framework.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Temporal distribution of night tourism accidents.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Temporal distribution of urban tourism accident types.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Frequency distribution of night tourism safety accidents in cities.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Two-mode structure network between subtype and cities.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Correlation characteristics of site-accident types.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Core-edge structure of tourism accidents type in different product projects.
Figure 8
Figure 8
“4M” theoretical framework of accident causes.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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