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Review
. 2023 Jan 29;12(3):1057.
doi: 10.3390/jcm12031057.

Ultrasound during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Global Approach

Anna Lombardi  1   2 , Mariarosaria De Luca  2 , Dario Fabiani  3 , Francesco Sabatella  3 , Carmen Del Giudice  3 , Adriano Caputo  3 , Luigi Cante  3 , Michele Gambardella  4 , Stefano Palermi  5 , Rita Tavarozzi  6 , Vincenzo Russo  3 , Antonello D'Andrea  3   7
Affiliations
Review

Ultrasound during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Global Approach

Anna Lombardi et al. J Clin Med. .

Abstract

SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus-2) rapidly spread worldwide as COVID-19 (Coronavirus disease 2019), causing a costly and deadly pandemic. Different pulmonary manifestations represent this syndrome's most common clinical manifestations, together with the cardiovascular complications frequently observed in these patients. Ultrasound (US) evaluations of the lungs, heart, and lower limbs may be helpful in the diagnosis, follow-up, and prognosis of patients with COVID-19. Moreover, POCUS (point-of-care ultrasound) protocols are particularly useful for patients admitted to intensive care units. The present review aimed to highlight the clinical conditions during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in which the US represents a crucial diagnostic tool.

Keywords: COVID-19; echocardiography; intensive care unit; lung ultrasound; ultrasound.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Main pathological cardiac, thoracic, and vascular effects caused by COVID-19 correlated with ultrasound changes. ACE: Angiotensin-converting enzyme.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Possible features of echocardiography in COVID patients. (A) Left ventricle (LV) dilatation and dysfunction; (B) Takotsubo cardiomyopathy; (C) right ventricle (RV) dilatation secondary to pulmonary embolism; (D) pericardial (Per) effusion.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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