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Review
. 2023 Jan 31;12(3):1123.
doi: 10.3390/jcm12031123.

The Characteristics of Dialysis Membranes: Benefits of the AN69 Membrane in Hemodialysis Patients

Shuzo Kobayashi  1 , Takayasu Ohtake  1
Affiliations
Review

The Characteristics of Dialysis Membranes: Benefits of the AN69 Membrane in Hemodialysis Patients

Shuzo Kobayashi et al. J Clin Med. .

Abstract

Patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD) experience serious cardiovascular complications, through malnutrition, inflammation, and atherosclerosis. Amputation for peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is more prevalent in patients undergoing HD than in the general population. In addition, revascularization procedures in dialysis patients are often associated with subsequent amputation and high mortality rates. To improve the prognosis of dialysis patients, malnutrition and inflammation must be properly treated, which necessitates a better understanding of the characteristics of dialysis membranes. Herein, the characteristics of several dialysis membranes were studied, with a special reference to the AN69 membrane, noting several similarities to low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-apheresis, which is also applicable for the treatment of PAD. Both systems (LDL-apheresis and AN69) have anti-inflammatory and anti-thrombogenic effects because they use a negatively charged surface for extracorporeal adsorptive filtration from the blood/plasma, and contact phase activation. The concomitant use of both these therapeutic systems may have additive therapeutic benefits in HD patients. Here, we reviewed the characteristics of dialysis membranes and benefits of the AN69 membrane in dialysis patients.

Keywords: AN69; LDL-apheresis; PAD; dialysis membrane; hemodialysis.

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Conflict of interest statement

Author receives lecture and advisory fee from Kaneka Co., Ltd. (Tokyo, Japan).

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Interaction between malnutrition, inflammation, and atherosclerosis in chronic kidney disease [22]. MIA: malnutrition–inflammation–atherosclerosis; Ca: Calcium; P: Phosphorus; CKD-MBD: chronic kidney diseases-related mineral and bone disorder.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Inflammation in dialysis patients [28].
Figure 3
Figure 3
Changes in the nutritional indices during the PSu and AN69 periods [78]. PSu: polysulfone, AN69: acrylonitrile 69.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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