Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2023 Jan 19;16(3):958.
doi: 10.3390/ma16030958.

Highly Washable and Conductive Cotton E-textiles Based on Electrochemically Exfoliated Graphene

Zakhar Ivanovich Evseev  1 , Fedora Dmitrievna Vasileva  1 , Svetlana Afanasyevna Smagulova  1 , Petr Stanislavovich Dmitriev  1
Affiliations

Highly Washable and Conductive Cotton E-textiles Based on Electrochemically Exfoliated Graphene

Zakhar Ivanovich Evseev et al. Materials (Basel). .

Abstract

In this study, cotton e-textiles were obtained using two types of graphene oxide. The first type of graphene oxide was synthesized using the Hummers' method. The second type was obtained by the electrochemical exfoliation of graphite in an ammonium salt solution. It was shown that e-textiles based on electrochemically exfoliated graphene have a higher electrical conductivity (2 kΩ/sq) than e-textiles based on graphene oxide obtained by the Hummers' method (585 kΩ/sq). In addition, textiles based on electrochemically exfoliated graphene exhibit better washing and mechanical stress stability. The electrical resistance of the e-textiles increased only 1.86 times after 10 cycles of washing, compared with 48 times for the Hummers' method graphene oxide textiles. The X-ray photoelectron spectra of the two types of graphene oxides showed similarity in their functional compositions after reduction. Studies of individual graphene flakes by atomic force microscopy showed that graphene oxide of the second type had a smaller lateral size. Raman spectroscopy showed a higher degree of sp2 structure regeneration after reduction for the second type of graphene. These properties and the tendency to form agglomerated particles determine the mechanochemical stability and high electrical conductivity of e-textiles based on electrochemically exfoliated graphene.

Keywords: e-textiles; electrochemically exfoliated graphene; graphene; graphene oxide; wearable electronics.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript, or in the decision to publish the results.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Stages of making samples of e-textiles.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Raman spectra of the (a) GO and MOG films; (b) rGO and rMOG powders.
Figure 3
Figure 3
IR spectra of (a) GO and MOG films; (b) rGO and rMOG powders.
Figure 4
Figure 4
XPS spectra of (a) GO; (b) MOG; (c) rGO; (d) rMOG.
Figure 5
Figure 5
AFM images of individual flakes and their height profile: (a) GO; (b) MOG.
Figure 6
Figure 6
SEM images of the e-textile surface at 500× magnification: (a) GO after 1 coating cycle; (b) MOG after 1 coating cycle; (c) GO after 10 coating cycles; (d) MOG after 10 coating cycles.
Figure 6
Figure 6
SEM images of the e-textile surface at 500× magnification: (a) GO after 1 coating cycle; (b) MOG after 1 coating cycle; (c) GO after 10 coating cycles; (d) MOG after 10 coating cycles.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Image of e-textile surface after 10 washing cycles: (a) GO at 300× zoom; (b) MOG at 300× zoom; (c) GO at 3000× zoom; (d) MOG at 3000× zoom.
Figure 8
Figure 8
Change in the electrical resistance of fabrics with rGO and rMOG: (a) change from the coating cycles; (b) change from the number of washing cycles.
Figure 9
Figure 9
Changes in electrical resistance of rGO and rMOG e-textiles: (a) changes from elongation and subsequent relaxation; (b) changes from the number of bending cycles.
Figure 10
Figure 10
Demonstration of the practical application of rMOG e-textiles: (a) sensitivity of electrical resistance of rGO and rMOG to temperature; (b) demonstration of the heating performance of rGO and rMOG; (c) demonstration of rMOG/cotton breathability.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Similar articles

See all similar articles

References

    1. Chung C., Kim Y.-K., Shin D., Ryoo S.-R., Hong B.H., Min D.–H. Biomedical applications of graphene and graphene oxide. Acc. Chem. Res. 2013;46:2211–2224. doi: 10.1021/ar300159f. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Choi W., Lahiri I., Seelaboyina R., Kang Y.S. Synthesis of graphene and its applications: A review. Crit. Rev. Solid State Mater. Sci. 2010;35:52–71. doi: 10.1080/10408430903505036. - DOI
    1. You B., Li N., Zhu H., Zhu X., Yang J. Graphene oxide-dispersed pristine CNTs support for MnO2 nanorods as high performance supercapacitor electrodes. ChemSusChem. 2013;6:474–480. doi: 10.1002/cssc.201200709. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Zheng C., Zhang J., Zhang Q., You B., Chen G. Three dimensional Ni foam-supported graphene oxide for binder-free pseudocapacitor. Electrochim. Acta. 2015;152:216–221. doi: 10.1016/j.electacta.2014.11.132. - DOI
    1. Hu X., Huang T., Liu Z., Wang G., Chen D., Guo Q., Yang S., Jin Z., Lee J.-M., Ding G. Conductive graphene-based E-textile for highly sensitive, breathable, and water-resistant multimodal gesture-distinguishable sensors. J. Mater. Chem. A. 2020;8:14778–14787. doi: 10.1039/D0TA04915H. - DOI

LinkOut - more resources