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. 2023 Jan 20;15(3):548.
doi: 10.3390/nu15030548.

Urinary Hydration Biomarkers and Water Sources in Older Adults with Neurocognitive Disorder

Cátia Queirós  1 , Flávia Borges Machado  2   3   4 , Duarte Barros  2   3   4 , Joana Sampaio  2   3   4   5 , Arnaldina Sampaio  2   3   4 , Renata Barros  1   4   5 , Pedro Moreira  1   3   4   5 , Óscar Ribeiro  6 , Joana Carvalho  2   3   4 , Patrícia Padrão  1   4   5
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Urinary Hydration Biomarkers and Water Sources in Older Adults with Neurocognitive Disorder

Cátia Queirós et al. Nutrients. .

Abstract

The risk of dehydration in older adults with neurocognitive disorder (NCD) is controversial. The purpose of this study was to assess hydration status, its determinants, and water intake sources in older adults with NCD. A sample of 30 participants (≥60 years) was included. Sociodemographic, clinical data and one 24-h urine sample were collected. Urinary osmolality, sodium, potassium, volume, and creatinine were quantified. Inadequate hydration status corresponded to urine osmolality > 500 mOsm/Kg, or a negative Free Water Reserve (FWR). Two 24-h food recalls were used to assess dietary intake and water sources. The adequacy of total water intake (TWI) was estimated according to EFSA. The contribution of food and beverages to TWI was calculated, and their associations with the urinary osmolality median were tested. Of the total number of participants, 30% were classified as having inadequate hydration status, with no differences between sexes. Regarding TWI, 68.4% of women and 77.8% of men did not reach the reference values. Water (23%), followed by soup (17%), contributed the most to TWI, while vegetables (2%) and alcoholic/other beverages (3%) contributed the least. According to the median urinary osmolality, there was no significant difference in sociodemographic/clinical characteristics. It is critical not to overlook hydration in this vulnerable population.

Keywords: hydration status; neurocognitive disorder; older adults; urinary osmolality; water sources.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Contribution of food and beverage groups to total water intake.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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