Plant-Based Solutions for Non-Productive Sites Useful in the Management of Dry Land

Abstract

The article presents an overview of research conducted in recent years, i.e., from 2004 until now. The study has been prompted by the threat of drought over large land areas which, as a result of current climate change, may lead to desertification in dry and hot regions of the world. For the same reason, large areas of farmland are affected by drought stress. At the same time, rising air temperatures result in a significant intensification of evaporation and a gradual increase in soil salinity. This applies in particular to acres of farmland, forested areas, and green areas of cities, as well as degraded land or brownfields. As the crop stability is threatened, the food base of the world's population is at risk and, additionally, in areas of industrial districts, people's health is in decline. Due to these multistress conditions for plant growth, we propose a review of the current literature which addresses the possibility of counteracting these unfavorable phenomena through the appropriate selection of plant species and, when only applicable, also through specific agroecological treatments. A selection of herbaceous and woody plants useful for cultivation on saline marginal lands was proposed.

Keywords: environmentally friendly techniques; plant choice; populated areas; regenerative agriculture.

Figure 1

A brief graphic overview depicting the different phases of the hydrological cycle leading to drought, which generates a significant stress response in plants.

Figure 2

Benefits of lignocellulosic feed-stock cultivation on marginal soil. Some examples of frequently used (1) woody plants and (2) herbaceous plants, often used on arid marginal lands, which brings basic benefits from both (A) an utilitarian and (B) environmental point of view. Detailed explanation in text.