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Review
. 2023 Jan 26;12(3):553.
doi: 10.3390/plants12030553.

From Genes to Molecules, Secondary Metabolism in Botrytis cinerea: New Insights into Anamorphic and Teleomorphic Stages

Haroldo da Silva Ripardo-Filho  1 , Víctor Coca Ruíz  1   2 , Ivonne Suárez  1   3   2 , Javier Moraga  1   3   2 , Josefina Aleu  1   2 , Isidro G Collado  1   2
Affiliations
Review

From Genes to Molecules, Secondary Metabolism in Botrytis cinerea: New Insights into Anamorphic and Teleomorphic Stages

Haroldo da Silva Ripardo-Filho et al. Plants (Basel). .

Abstract

The ascomycete Botrytis cinerea Pers. Fr., classified within the family Sclerotiniaceae, is the agent that causes grey mould disease which infects at least 1400 plant species, including crops of economic importance such as grapes and strawberries. The life cycle of B. cinerea consists of two phases: asexual (anamorph, Botrytis cinerea Pers. Fr.) and sexual (teleomorph, Botryotinia fuckeliana (de Bary) Wetzel). During the XVI International Symposium dedicated to the Botrytis fungus, which was held in Bari in June 2013, the scientific community unanimously decided to assign the most widely used name of the asexual form, Botrytis, to this genus of fungi. However, in the literature, we continue to find articles referring to both morphic stages. In this review, we take stock of the genes and metabolites reported for both morphic forms of B. cinerea between January 2015 and October 2022.

Keywords: Botryotinia fuckeliana; Botrytis cinerea; diterpenes; metabolites; polyketides; secondary metabolism; sesquiterpenes.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Some of the metabolites isolated from B. cinerea.
Figure 2
Figure 2
The botrydial gene cluster in the B. cinerea strain B05.10.
Figure 3
Figure 3
(A) The ABA gene cluster (B) the Bcsct5/Bcaba5 gene locus in the genomes of B. cinerea strain B05.10.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Cyclisation of FDP (14) by Bcstc1, Bcstc5 or Bcaba3 and Bcstc7.
Figure 5
Figure 5
(A) Proposed pathway for carotenoid biosynthesis in B. cinerea. Genetic makeup may allow for the production of retinal as an end product of a branched pathway. (B) The genes required for retinal biosynthesis are physically linked with the opsin-encoding bop2 in B. cinerea.
Figure 6
Figure 6
BOA gene cluster in the genomes of B. cinerea strain B05.10.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Melanogenic genes from B. cinerea.
Figure 8
Figure 8
Summary of BPKS reactions with various acyl-CoA starter substrates.
Figure 9
Figure 9
Biosynthetic pathway from FDP (14) to botrydial (1) and dihydrobotrydial (2).
Figure 10
Figure 10
(A) Presilphiperfolanes and cameroonanes isolated from the bcbot-4 knock-out mutant fermentation. (B) Rearrangement of the presilphiperfolane to cameroonane skeleton.
Figure 11
Figure 11
New polyketides isolated from Bcbot4 knock-out mutant fermentations.
Figure 12
Figure 12
Biosynthetic pathway of 7 in B. cinerea.
Figure 13
Figure 13
Eremophilene derivatives isolated from B. cinerea.
Figure 14
Figure 14
Proposed biosynthetic route to (+)-4-epi-eremophilenols.
Figure 15
Figure 15
Biosynthetic pathway proposed for 11,12,13-tri-nor-eremophilenes.
Figure 16
Figure 16
Botrycinereic acid.
Figure 17
Figure 17
Proposed biosynthetic pathway to botrycinereic acid (57).
Figure 18
Figure 18
Structures of compounds 5,6,60-69.
Figure 19
Figure 19
Structures of aphidicolin derivatives 70-122.
Figure 20
Figure 20
Structure of other diterpenoid derivatives 123-148.
Figure 21
Figure 21
Structure of compounds 149-167.
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References

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