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Review
. 2023 Jun;48(6):101644.
doi: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2023.101644. Epub 2023 Feb 10.

Mortality and Complications of COVID-19 Among Adult Congenital Heart Disease Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study Using the National Inpatient Sample Database

Kavin Raj  1 , Vrinda Vyas  2 , Karthik Yeruva  3 , Karthik Gangu  4 , Harris Majeed  5 , Aditya Desai  2 , Keerthana J Pillai  6 , Preetham Kumar  2 , Surya K Aedma  2 , Abi Watts  7 , Christian C T Gahona  8 , Sanya Chandna  9 , Padmini Varadarajan  2 , Ramdas G Pai  2
Affiliations
Review

Mortality and Complications of COVID-19 Among Adult Congenital Heart Disease Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study Using the National Inpatient Sample Database

Kavin Raj et al. Curr Probl Cardiol. 2023 Jun.

Abstract

This study examines in-hospital mortality and complicated COVID-19 infection among adult congenital heart disease (ACHD) patients admitted with COVID-19, using the National Inpatient Sample (NIS). A total of 4219 COVID-19 patients with ACHD were included. We demonstrated that COVID-19 patients with ACHD were more likely to experience in-hospital mortality (OR 1.04, 95% CI 1.04-1.04, P < 0.01) and complicated COVID-19 infection (OR: 1.30, 95% CI: 1.11-1.53, P < 0.01). In our sub-group analysis, COVID-19 patients with tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) had higher mortality and COVID-19 patients with atrial septal defects (ASD) had a higher incidence of complicated infection when compared to COVID-19 patients with all other ACHDs. Risk factors for mortality among COVID-19 patients with ACHD include advanced age, lower income, unrepaired ACHD, malnutrition, and chronic liver disease. Accordingly, we recommend aggressive preventive care with vaccination and non-pharmacologic measures in order to improve survival for ACHD patients.

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