Seroprevalence of COVID-19 infection in a densely populated district in the eastern Democratic Republic of Congo

Abstract

Data on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) prevalence in the Democratic Republic of Congo are scarce. We conducted a cross-sectional study to determine the seroprevalence of antibodies against anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in the slum of Kadutu, city of Bukavu, between June and September 2021. The survey participants were all unvaccinated against SARS-CoV-2. The crude seroprevalence rate was adjusted to the known characteristics of the assay. Participants aged 15-49 years old made up 80% of the population enrolled in the study (n = 507; 319 women and 188 men). The overall crude and adjusted seroprevalence rates of antibodies for COVID-19 were 59.7% (95% CI 55.4-63.9%) and 84.0% (95% CI 76.2-92.4%), respectively. This seroprevalence rate indicates widespread dissemination of SARS-CoV-2 in these communities. COVID-19 symptoms were either absent or mild in more than half of the participants with antibodies for COVID-19 and none of the participants with antibodies for COVID-19 required hospitalisation. These results suggest that SARS-CoV-2 spread did not appear to be associated with severe symptoms in the population of these settlements and that many cases went unreported in these densely populated locations. The relevance of vaccination in these communities should be thoroughly investigated.

Keywords: COVID-19 infection; DRC; SARS-CoV-2; seroprevalence; urban settlement.

Fig. 1.

Study enrolment flow chart for the SARS-CoV-2 antibody prevalence survey in Kadutu district, Bukavu, DRC.