Newly approved and forthcoming T-cell-redirecting bispecific antibodies for the treatment of relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma

Abstract

Objective: Summarize the background, clinical trials, and place in therapy for the newly Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved and forthcoming bispecific antibodies for relapsed/refractory (R/R) multiple myeloma.

Data sources: A search of the PubMed database was conducted using the following search terms: B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA), teclistamab, myeloma, BsAbs, GPRC5D, and bispecific. Ongoing clinical trials as well as abstracts from ASH and ASCO evaluating the efficacy and safety of novel agents were evaluated. Prescribing information was also reviewed.

Summary: For patients with R/R multiple myeloma who have failed available therapies, treatment options are limited and survival is short. The FDA recently approved teclistamab, a T-cell-redirecting bispecific antibody, in patients with R/R multiple myeloma who have failed four prior lines of therapy. Teclistamab targets both CD3 expressed on T-cells and BCMA expressed on the surface of myeloma cells, mediating T-cell activation and lysis of plasma cells that express BCMA. Accelerated approval was granted based upon the results of the MajesTEC-1 study, which showed a durable response in a high proportion of heavily pretreated patients. Teclistamab is the first bispecific antibody approved for use in patients with multiple myeloma and the fourth approved agent targeting BCMA. Additional T-cell redirecting bispecific antibodies for use in multiple myeloma are also currently being studied.

Conclusion: Teclistamab is the newest agent granted FDA approval for use in R/R multiple myeloma and represents a promising new option for patients. Ongoing trials are investigating teclistamab and other novel bispecific antibodies in the upfront and R/R setting.

Keywords: BCMA; GPRC5D; Myeloma; bispecific antibody; teclistamab.