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. 2023 Jan 27:13:1067858.
doi: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1067858. eCollection 2023.

Epidemiological characteristics, clinical presentations, and prognoses of pediatric brain tumors: Experiences of national center for children's health

Wei Yang  1 , Yingjie Cai  1 , Jiashu Chen  1 , Ping Yang  1 , Zesheng Ying  1 , Yuting Liang  1 , Miao Ling  1 , Kaiyi Zhu  2 , Hailang Sun  1 , Yuanqi Ji  1 , Xiaojiao Peng  1 , Nan Zhang  3 , Wenping Ma  1 , Ming Ge  1
Affiliations

Epidemiological characteristics, clinical presentations, and prognoses of pediatric brain tumors: Experiences of national center for children's health

Wei Yang et al. Front Oncol. .

Abstract

Background: We aimed to describe the epidemiological characteristics, clinical presentations, and prognoses in a national health center for children.

Methods: From January 2015 to December 2020, 484 patients aged 0-16 years, who were diagnosed with brain tumors and received neurosurgery treatment, were enrolled in the study. Pathology was based on the World Health Organization 2021 nervous system tumor classification, and tumor behaviors were classified according to the International Classification of Diseases for Oncology, third edition.

Results: Among the 484 patients with brain tumors, the median age at diagnosis was 4.62 [2.19, 8.17] years (benign tumors 4.07 [1.64, 7.13] vs. malignant tumors 5.36 [2.78, 8.84], p=0.008). The overall male-to-female ratio was 1.33:1(benign 1.09:1 vs. malignant 1.62:1, p=0.029). Nausea, vomiting, and headache were the most frequent initial symptoms. The three most frequent tumor types were embryonal tumors (ET, 22.8%), circumscribed astrocytic gliomas (20.0%), and pediatric-type diffuse gliomas (11.0%). The most common tumor locations were the cerebellum and fourth ventricle (38.67%), the sellar region (22.9%) and ventricles (10.6%). Males took up a higher proportion than females in choroid plexus tumors (63.6%), ET (61.1%), ependymal tumors (68.6%), and germ cell tumors (GCTs, 78.1%). Patients were followed for 1 to 82 months. The overall 5-year survival rate was 77.5%, with survival rates of 91.0% for benign tumors and 64.6% for malignant tumors.

Conclusion: Brain tumors presented particularly sex-, age-, and regional-dependent epidemiological characteristics. Our results were consistent with previous reports and might reflect the real epidemiological status in China.

Keywords: brain tumor; children; clinical presentation; epidemiology; prognosis.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The reviewer NJ declared a shared parent affiliation with the authors to the handling editor at the time of review.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Age distribution for males and females in Beijing Children’s Hospital from 2015 to 2020.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Pathology distribution of brain tumors in Beijing Children’s Hospital from 2015 to 2020.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Sites distribution of pediatric brain tumors in Beijing Children’s Hospital from 2015 to 2020.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Pathology distributions in different brain regions.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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