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Meta-Analysis
. 2023 Jan 27:14:1102126.
doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1102126. eCollection 2023.

Diagnostic and prognostic value of serum S100B in sepsis-associated encephalopathy: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Jiyun Hu  1   2 , Shucai Xie  1   2 , Wenchao Li  1   2 , Lina Zhang  1   2
Affiliations
Meta-Analysis

Diagnostic and prognostic value of serum S100B in sepsis-associated encephalopathy: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Jiyun Hu et al. Front Immunol. .

Abstract

Background: In sepsis, brain dysfunction is known as Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE), which often results in severe cognitive and neurological sequelae and increases the risk of death. Our systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to explore the diagnostic and prognostic value of serum S100 calcium-binding protein B (S100B) in SAE patients.

Methods: We conducted a systematic search of the databases PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane databases, CNKI, VIP, and WFSD from their inception dates until August 20, 2022. A Meta-analysis of the included studies was also performed using Review Manager version 5.4 and Stata16.0.

Results: This meta-analysis included 28 studies with 1401 serum samples from SAE patients and 1591 serum samples from no-encephalopathy septic (NE) patients. The Meta-Analysis showed that individuals with SAE had higher serum S100B level than NE controls (MD, 0.49 [95% CI (0.37)-(0.60), Z =8.29, P < 0.00001]), and the baseline level of serum S100B in septic patients with burn was significantly higher than average (1.96 [95% CI (0.92)-(2.99), Z =3.71, P < 0.0002]) In addition, septic patients with favorable outcomes had lower serum S100B levels than those with unfavorable outcomes (MD, -0.35 [95% CI (-0.50)-(-0.20), Z =4.60, P < 0.00001]).

Conclusion: Our Meta-Analysis indicates that higher serum S100B level in septic patients are moderately associated with SAE and unfavorable outcomes (The outcomes here mainly refer to the mortality). The serum S100B level may be a useful diagnostic and prognostic biomarker of SAE.

Keywords: S100B; biomarker; meta-analysis; outcome; sepsis-associated encephalopathy.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Literature search strategy and screening process.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Risk of bias and applicability concerns summary: review authors’ judgements about each domain for each included study.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Risk of bias and applicability concerns graph: review authors’ judgements about each domain presented as percentages across included studies.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Meta-Analysis forest plot: association between serum S100B level and patients with SAE.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Meta-Analysis forest plot: MDs of serum S100B levels between Favorable outcomes and Unfavorable outcomes.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Meta-Analysis forest plot: association between serum S100B level and patients with SAE in different serum sample collection time after ICU admission.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Meta-Analysis forest plot: association between serum S100B level and patients with SAE in different measure assay.
Figure 8
Figure 8
Funnel plot showed that it was asymmetry, suggesting potential publication bias may exist in association between serum S100B level and SAE (A), association between serum S100B level and outcomes of septic patients (C). Effect of individual studies on the pooled MD for the effect of association between serum S100B level and SAE (B), and the effect of association between serum S100B level and outcomes of septic patients (D).
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