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Observational Study
. 2023 Dec 31;19(1):2173904.
doi: 10.1080/21645515.2023.2173904. Epub 2023 Feb 13.

Efficacy of vaccination against the SARS-CoV-2 virus in patients with chronic kidney disease on hemodialysis

María E Sanhueza  1   2 , Pamela San Martín  1 , Loreto Brantes  1 , Sylvia Caro  1 , Guillermo Carrasco  1 , Eduardo Machuca  1
Affiliations
Observational Study

Efficacy of vaccination against the SARS-CoV-2 virus in patients with chronic kidney disease on hemodialysis

María E Sanhueza et al. Hum Vaccin Immunother. .

Abstract

SARS-CoV-2 has had a great impact on world health, patients on hemodialysis have a higher rate of infection and death due to COVID-19. Vaccination is important to control infection and improve the prognosis of infected patients. To describe the efficacy of vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 in Chilean patients on hemodialysis during the year 2021. Retrospective observational study. A total of 9,712 clinical records were reviewed. Data were presented as summary measures. Fisher's exact test, Mann-Whitney U test, and multivariate logistic regression were used for the analysis. Risk and survival analysis were calculated, considering a statistical significance of less than 0.05. The average age of the patients attended was 61.5 ± 14.6 years. Average time on dialysis 67.6 months and 35.0% diabetic. 93.2% of patients were vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2, 70.7% of them received booster doses. The risk of infection was higher for those who received one or no dose, compared to those who received booster doses against SARS-CoV-2: OR = 252.46 [165.13; 401.57]. Of the infected patients, 15.7% died from COVID-19. The risk of death was higher in unvaccinated or single-dose patients compared to those vaccinated with two doses: OR = 2.64 [2.23; 3.12]. Patients with two doses and a booster had a longer survival compared to those who received one or no dose of vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 (p < .05). The vaccination in Chile, which started in February 2021, has demonstrated that booster doses against SARS-CoV-2 significantly reduced the risk of infection, hospitalization, and death due to COVID-19 in patients on hemodialysis.

Keywords: COVID-19 vaccines; Coronavirus; SARS-CoV-2; efficacy; hemodialysis.

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Conflict of interest statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Vaccination of patients on HD against SARS-CoV-2 by dose administered during the year 2021. NephroCare-Chile.
Diagram 1.
Diagram 1.
Study population according to vaccination status and COVID-19 infection, hospitalization, and death events, 2021. NephroCare - Chile.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Number of patients in HD who died from COVID-19, according to vaccination schedule during the year 2021. NephroCare-Chile.
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
Survival of HD patients infected by SARS-CoV-2 during the year 2021, NephroCare-Chile: (a) from the start of vaccination differentiated by vaccinated and unvaccinated and (b) from the start of vaccination differentiated according to vaccination schedule.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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