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Observational Study
. 2023 Jul;50(7):905-920.
doi: 10.1111/jcpe.13793. Epub 2023 Feb 28.

Subgingival microbiome in periodontal health, gingivitis and different stages of periodontitis

Margarita Iniesta  1 , Cristina Chamorro  1 , Nagore Ambrosio  1 , María José Marín  1 , Mariano Sanz  1 , David Herrera  1
Affiliations
Observational Study

Subgingival microbiome in periodontal health, gingivitis and different stages of periodontitis

Margarita Iniesta et al. J Clin Periodontol. 2023 Jul.

Abstract

Aim: To characterize the subgingival microbiome in subjects with different periodontal health statuses.

Materials and methods: In this cross-sectional observational study, subgingival samples were harvested from Spanish subjects with different periodontal health statuses, based on the 2018 Classification of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases and Conditions. Samples were processed using high-throughput sequencing technologies (Illumina MiSeq). Taxa differentially abundant were identified using Analysis of Compositions of Microbiomes with Bias Correction (ANCOM-BC). α- and β-diversity metrics were calculated using q2-diversity in QIIME2. The analyses were adjusted for age, gender and smoking status.

Results: The identified subgingival microbiome showed statistically significant differences among subjects, categorized into periodontal health, gingivitis and stages I-II and III-IV periodontitis (p < .05). In patients with severe (stages III-IV) periodontitis, the genera Filifactor and Fretibacterium were detected 24 times more frequently than in periodontally healthy subjects. Similarly, the genera Porphyromonas, Prevotella and Tannerella were detected four times more frequently (p < .05). The genera Granulicatella, Streptococcus, Paracoccus, Pseudomonas, Haemophilus, Actinobacteria, Bergeyella and Capnocytophaga were significantly associated with healthier periodontal status (p < .05).

Conclusions: Significant differences were detected in the subgingival microbiome among periodontal health, gingivitis and stages I-II or III-IV periodontitis, suggesting overlapping, yet distinguishable microbial profiles.

Keywords: 16 S rDNA gene sequencing; dysbiosis; gingivitis; periodontitis; subgingival microbiome.

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References

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