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Review
. 2023 Mar;52(1):1-11.
doi: 10.1016/j.gtc.2022.12.001. Epub 2022 Dec 5.

The Pathogenesis of Gastrointestinal, Hepatic, and Pancreatic Injury in Acute and Long Coronavirus Disease 2019 Infection

Hadar Meringer  1 , Andrew Wang  1 , Saurabh Mehandru  2
Affiliations
Review

The Pathogenesis of Gastrointestinal, Hepatic, and Pancreatic Injury in Acute and Long Coronavirus Disease 2019 Infection

Hadar Meringer et al. Gastroenterol Clin North Am. 2023 Mar.

Abstract

The gastrointestinal (GI) tract is targeted by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2. The present review examines GI involvement in patients with long coronavirus disease and discusses the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms that include viral persistence, mucosal and systemic immune dysregulation, microbial dysbiosis, insulin resistance, and metabolic abnormalities. Due to the complex and potentially multifactorial nature of this syndrome, rigorous clinical definitions and pathophysiology-based therapeutic approaches are warranted.

Keywords: Gastrointestinal; Insulin resistance; Long COVID; MAFLD; SARS-CoV-2.

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