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. 2022 Jul-Sep;48(3):331-339.
doi: 10.12865/CHSJ.48.03.12. Epub 2022 Sep 30.

The Cytotoxicity of Dental Restorative Materials on Gingival Stromal Mesenchymal Cells-an In Vitro Study

Diana Oneț  1 , Alexandra Roman  1 , Andrada Soancă  1 , Andreea Ciurea  1 , Iulia Cristina Micu  1 , Ștefan Cristian Vesa  2 , Dora-Maria Popescu  3 , Ana-Maria Rîcă  4
Affiliations

The Cytotoxicity of Dental Restorative Materials on Gingival Stromal Mesenchymal Cells-an In Vitro Study

Diana Oneț et al. Curr Health Sci J. 2022 Jul-Sep.

Abstract

Background: Due to their minimally invasive high-quality adhesive, aesthetic and mechanical qualities, composite resins are the most frequently used materials in modern restorative dentistry. However, polymerization shrinkage and cytotoxicity are still unresolved drawbacks associated with these biomaterials.

Purpose: The present study aimed to assess the cytotoxicity of some restorative resin-based materials on gingival mesenchymal stromal cells (gMSCs), assuming that no differences in their behavior will be highlighted.

Material and methods: The cytotoxicity of the tested materials was evaluated by comparing the behavior of gMSCs cultured in normal conditions and in association with disc-shaped material samples indirectly through functionality tests (colony-forming unit-fibroblast assay, migratory potential) and directly through the MTT assay. The results were statistically analyzed with the ANOVA test and Tukey's Honest Significant Difference test.

Results: According to the MTT assay, there are no statistically significant differences regarding the viability of gMSCs cultured in normal conditions or in the presence of resin-based material samples. On the other hand, the present study identified a significantly reduced number of colonies formed by the gMSCs cultured in association with BF and B discs, compared to that of gMSCs cultured in normal conditions. Also, the migratory potential was significantly lower for control gMSCs when compared to ZE-gMSCs and significantly higher for ZE-gMSCs when compared to BF-gMSCs or BFL-gMSCs.

Conclusions: The results of the present study highlight a possible risk of cytotoxicity when using resin based-materials in dental practice, but they cannot be directly extrapolated to in vivo situations.

Keywords: Composite resin; cytotoxicity; functionality; gingival stromal mesenchymal cells.

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Conflict of interest statement

None to declare.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Graphical representation of the colony formation efficiency of gMSCs cultured under standard conditions (control=50.333±4.16333) and in association with restorative materials (ZE=45.333±5.859, BF=366±2). p values˂0.05 for BF-gMSCs and BFL-gMSCs samples compared to the control samples. ZE=Zenit, BF=Beautiful II LS, BFL=Beautiful Flow Plus F03.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Graphical representation of mean migratory potential (mm) of gMSCs cultured under different conditions: control gMSCs (0.792±0.050), ZE-gMSCs (1.507±0.210), BF-gMSCs (0,665±0,051),BFL-gMSCs (0.5996667±0,0862226). p values˂0.05: ZE-gMSCs compared with control gMSCs, ZE-gMSCs compared with BF-gMSCs, and ZE-gMSCs compared with BFL-gMSCs. ZE=Zenit, BF=Beautiful II LS, BFL=Beautiful Flow Plus F03.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Graphical representation of the viability (%) evaluated by the MTT test at 24h: control-gMSCs (0.582±0.05), ZE-gMSCs (0.471±0.034), BF-gMSCs (0,498±0,156) and BFL-gMSCs (0.535±0,092). p values˂0.05: ZE-gMSCs compared to the other groups ZE=Zenit, BF=Beautiful II LS, BFL=Beautiful Flow Plus F03.
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