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Review
. 2023 Feb 2:14:1127417.
doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1127417. eCollection 2023.

Pathogenesis and treatment of Sjogren's syndrome: Review and update

Qipeng Zhan  1 , Jianan Zhang  1 , Yubin Lin  1 , Wenjing Chen  1 , Xinzou Fan  1 , Dunfang Zhang  1
Affiliations
Review

Pathogenesis and treatment of Sjogren's syndrome: Review and update

Qipeng Zhan et al. Front Immunol. .

Abstract

Sjogren's syndrome (SS) is a chronic autoimmune disease accompanied by multiple lesions. The main manifestations include dryness of the mouth and eyes, along with systemic complications (e.g., pulmonary disease, kidney injury, and lymphoma). In this review, we highlight that IFNs, Th17 cell-related cytokines (IL-17 and IL-23), and B cell-related cytokines (TNF and BAFF) are crucial for the pathogenesis of SS. We also summarize the advances in experimental treatment strategies, including targeting Treg/Th17, mesenchymal stem cell treatment, targeting BAFF, inhibiting JAK pathway, et al. Similar to that of SLE, RA, and MS, biotherapeutic strategies of SS consist of neutralizing antibodies and inflammation-related receptor blockers targeting proinflammatory signaling pathways. However, clinical research on SS therapy is comparatively rare. Moreover, the differences in the curative effects of immunotherapies among SS and other autoimmune diseases are not fully understood. We emphasize that targeted drugs, low-side-effect drugs, and combination therapies should be the focus of future research.

Keywords: JAK pathway; foxp3 + treg; interferon; sjogren's syndrome; th17 cells; tumor necrosis factor.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Typical glandular and extraglandular manifestations of SS.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Overview of novel experimental therapeutic strategies of SS. There are various experimental drugs (e.g. JAK inhibitors) or schemes (e.g. targeting Treg/Th17 and BAFF) being investigated for SS treatment. Besides, mesenchymal stem cell treatment is reported to be a promising scheme to treat SS.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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