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. 2023 Jan;96(1):35-40.
doi: 10.15386/mpr-2409. Epub 2023 Jan 25.

Relationship between antibiotic consumption pattern and antibiotic resistance in neonatal sepsis

Fateme Karimi  1 , Leslie Edward Lewis  2 , Girish Thunga  1 , Amirreza Najmi  1 , Puspita Sahu  1 , Vijayanarayana Kunhikatta  1
Affiliations

Relationship between antibiotic consumption pattern and antibiotic resistance in neonatal sepsis

Fateme Karimi et al. Med Pharm Rep. 2023 Jan.

Abstract

Background and aim: Inappropriate use of antibiotics may increase antimicrobial resistance (AMR) among different microorganisms and may lead to treatment failure in neonatal septicemia. The aim of this study was to recognize the most common microorganisms responsible for neonatal sepsis and to evaluate the trend of change of resistance pattern among microorganisms.

Methods: This study was done retrospectively on 344 cases diagnosed with neonatal sepsis, including both early and late onset cases, admitted to the tertiary care teaching hospital of southern India from January 2012 to July 2017. Accordingly, 231 culture positive neonatal sepsis cases were collected from hospital data base and analyzed. Culture positive cases within 72 hours of life were termed as early onset while after 72 hours were late onset. Antibiotics utilization during the period was calculated using WHO AMC tool and reported as (DDD)/100 bed days.

Results: Klebsiella pneumoniae with 56 (21.8%) and Coagulase negative Staphylococcus with 52 (20.2%) cases were the most frequent isolated organisms which were responsible for 55.8% and 14.6% of deaths among the study subjects respectively. Amikacin (86.7%), vancomycin (52.3%) and ampicillin (40.6%) were the most used antibiotics in terms of DDD/100 bed days.

Conclusion: The results obtained from our study have brought substantial information on the antibiotic resistance pattern among microorganisms causing neonatal sepsis. Moreover, results obtained from this study can be used for designing antibiotic stewardship policies to prevent the emergence of resistance and to improve the treatment outcome.

Keywords: antibiotic; culture positive; defined daily dose (DDD); microbial drug resistance; neonatal sepsis.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Trend of resistance change in Klebsiella pneumoniae identified isolates.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Trend of change of resistance in coagulase negative Staphylococcus.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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