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. 2023 Feb 6;45(2):1396-1406.
doi: 10.3390/cimb45020091.

Chloride Intracellular Channel Protein 1 Expression and Angiogenic Profile of Liver Metastasis of Digestive Origin

Amalia Raluca Ceausu  1 , Alexandru Ciolofan  2 , Alexandru Blidisel  2 , Andrei Alexandru Cosma  1 , Pusa Nela Gaje  1 , Octavian Cretu  2
Affiliations

Chloride Intracellular Channel Protein 1 Expression and Angiogenic Profile of Liver Metastasis of Digestive Origin

Amalia Raluca Ceausu et al. Curr Issues Mol Biol. .

Abstract

Chloride intracellular channel 1 (CLIC1) is involved in cell migration and metastasis. The histological growth patterns of liver metastasis are as follows: desmoplastic (d-HGP), replacement (r-HGP), pushing (p-HGP), and mixed. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relation between HGP, angiogenesis, and CLIC1 expression. Materials and Methods: A total of 40 cases of primary tumors and their LM: d-HGP (12 cases), r-HGP (13 cases), and p-HGP (15 cases), were evaluated through simple and double immunostaining. CLIC1 assessment was conducted as follows: scores of 0 (less than 10% of positive cells), 1 (10-30%), 2 (30-50%), or 3 (more than 50%) were assigned. Heterogeneous CLIC1 expression was found. CLIC1 in primary tumors correlated with grade G for all cases of LM with a p-HGP (p = 0.004). The CLIC1 score for LMs with an r-HGP correlated with grade G of the corresponding primary tumor (p = 0.027). CLIC1 and CD34+/Ki67+ vessels (p = 0.006) correlated in primary tumors. CLIC1 in primary tumors correlated with CD34+/Ki67+ vessels of LMs with a d HGP (p = 0.024). Conclusions: The CLIC1 score may have prognostic value, mainly for LMs with a p-HGP and r-HGP, and therapeutic value for LMs with a d-HGP.

Keywords: chloride intracellular channel 1; histological growth pattern; liver metastases.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
CD 34 immunoexpression, poorly differentiated colon adenocarcinomas, intratumoral vessels, ×200 magnification (A,B), and corresponding metastasis (p-HGP), ×200 magnification (C).
Figure 2
Figure 2
CD34 immunoexpression in moderately differentiated colon adenocarcinoma, ×200 magnification (A), and corresponding liver metastasis, replacement HGP, ×100 magnification (B).
Figure 3
Figure 3
CLIC1 immunoexpression, colorectal adenocarcinoma, score of 2, ×400 magnification (A), and LM, desmoplastic HGP, score of 2, ×200 magnification (B).
Figure 4
Figure 4
CLIC1 immunoexpression, gastric adenocarcinoma, score of 2, ×400 magnification (A), and corresponding LM, pushing HGP, score of 3, ×200 magnification (B). CLIC1 expression intensity in the cytoplasm (purple arrow formula image) increased in the nucleus (blue arrow formula image) of the cell.
Figure 5
Figure 5
CLIC1 immunoexpression, pancreatic adenocarcinoma, score of 3, ×200 magnification (A) and corresponding LM, replacement HGP, score of 3, ×400 magnification (B).
Figure 6
Figure 6
The overall survival in CLIC1 positive cases of LM, divided in three groups (A = d-HGP; B = p-HGP and C = r-HGP).
Figure 7
Figure 7
CLIC1 alteration from TCGA database in gastric adenocarcinoma (A), pancreatic adenocarcinoma (B) and colorectal adenocarcinoma (C). CLIC1 expression and overall survival interrelation (D).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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