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Review
. 2023 Jan 25;14(2):64.
doi: 10.3390/jfb14020064.

Combination of Enzymes with Materials to Give Them Antimicrobial Features: Modern Trends and Perspectives

Elena Efremenko  1   2 , Nikolay Stepanov  1   2 , Aysel Aslanli  1 , Ilya Lyagin  1   2 , Olga Senko  1   2 , Olga Maslova  1
Affiliations
Review

Combination of Enzymes with Materials to Give Them Antimicrobial Features: Modern Trends and Perspectives

Elena Efremenko et al. J Funct Biomater. .

Abstract

Multidrug-resistant bacteria form serious problems in many areas, including medicine and the food industry. At the same time, great interest is shown in the transfer or enhancement of antimicrobial properties to various materials by modifying them with enzymes. The use of enzymes in biomaterials with antimicrobial properties is important because enzymes can be used as the main active components providing antimicrobial properties of functionalized composite biomaterials, or can serve as enhancers of the antimicrobial action of certain substances (antibiotics, antimicrobial peptides, metal nanoparticles, etc.) against cells of various microorganisms. Enzymes can simultaneously widen the spectrum of antimicrobial activity of biomaterials. This review presents the most promising enzymes recently used for the production of antibacterial materials, namely hydrolases and oxidoreductases. Computer modeling plays an important role in finding the most effective combinations between enzymes and antimicrobial compounds, revealing their possible interactions. The range of materials that can be functionalized using enzymes looks diverse. The physicochemical characteristics and functionalization methods of the materials have a significant impact on the activity of enzymes. In this context, fibrous materials are of particular interest. The purpose of this review is to analyze the current state of the art in this area.

Keywords: antibiotics; antimicrobial peptides; biocompatibility; computational modeling; functionalized materials; hydrolyses; immobilization; lactonases; metal nanoparticles; oxidoreductases.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Enzyme used for the functionalization of various materials to enhance their antimicrobial properties.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Main applications of the antimicrobial materials functionalized by different enzymes.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Active nanocomplexes of His6-OPH dimer with different AMP obtained in silico by molecular docking: (a) Bacitracin (yellow), (b) Colistin (green), (c) Polymixin B (violet), (d) Temporin A (blue). The “face” surface of the dimer molecule of the enzyme covered by molecules of AMP is marked in each case by special color.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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