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Review
. 2023 Jan 31;15(2):115.
doi: 10.3390/toxins15020115.

Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Reducing Uremic Toxins Accumulation in Kidney Disease: Current Understanding and Future Perspectives

Gianvito Caggiano  1 , Alessandra Stasi  1 , Rossana Franzin  1 , Marco Fiorentino  1 , Maria Teresa Cimmarusti  1 , Annamaria Deleonardis  1 , Rita Palieri  1 , Paola Pontrelli  1 , Loreto Gesualdo  1
Affiliations
Review

Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Reducing Uremic Toxins Accumulation in Kidney Disease: Current Understanding and Future Perspectives

Gianvito Caggiano et al. Toxins (Basel). .

Abstract

During the past decades, the gut microbiome emerged as a key player in kidney disease. Dysbiosis-related uremic toxins together with pro-inflammatory mediators are the main factors in a deteriorating kidney function. The toxicity of uremic compounds has been well-documented in a plethora of pathophysiological mechanisms in kidney disease, such as cardiovascular injury (CVI), metabolic dysfunction, and inflammation. Accumulating data on the detrimental effect of uremic solutes in kidney disease supported the development of many strategies to restore eubiosis. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) spread as an encouraging treatment for different dysbiosis-associated disorders. In this scenario, flourishing studies indicate that fecal transplantation could represent a novel treatment to reduce the uremic toxins accumulation. Here, we present the state-of-the-art concerning the application of FMT on kidney disease to restore eubiosis and reverse the retention of uremic toxins.

Keywords: PBUTs; acute kidney injury; chronic kidney disease; fecal microbiota transplantation; kidney transplantation; oral FMT; uremic toxins.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The detrimental effect of microbiota-derived uremic toxins accumulation related to kidney disease.
Figure 2
Figure 2
The potential effect of FMT on kidney disease. Abbreviations: CKD, chronic kidney disease; AKI, acute kidney injury; PBUTs: protein-bound uremic toxins; an CVD, cardiovascular disease.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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